The Epidemiology of Otosclerosis in a British Cohort.
Otol Neurotol. 2019 Jan;40(1):22-30
Authors: Crompton M, Cadge BA, Ziff JL, Mowat AJ, Nash R, Lavy JA, Powell HRF, Aldren CP, Saeed SR, Dawson SJ
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiology of otosclerosis in a British cohort collected between 2011 and 2017.
DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: Five UK ENT Departments.
PATIENTS: Patients with surgically confirmed otosclerosis.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Questionnaire data documented family history of otosclerosis, age of onset, medical history, and information on associated risk factors for 657 patients. Pre and post-surgical pure-tone audiometry was collected for 154 of these patients.
RESULTS: The age of onset, incidence of bilateral disease, tinnitus and vertigo, a higher prevalence of women (65%) than men (35%) are similar to those reported previously for otosclerosis cohorts. No association with measles infection was detected. Patients with a family history (40%) have an earlier age of onset and a higher incidence of bilateral disease and vertigo than non-familial subjects. Pedigree analysis is consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance being apparent in 44/91 pedigrees studied. Women who associate their hearing loss with pregnancy have an earlier age of onset than those that do not (p = 6 × 10).
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that otosclerosis is an early adult onset disease that is more prevalent in women than men with a large minority of patients having a family history of otosclerosis. We report new evidence to support a relationship between pregnancy and otosclerosis progression in a proportion of women. In addition, this is the first study to identify differences in severity between familial and non-familial cases of otosclerosis, highlighting the possibility that more than one etiology may be involved.
PMID: 30540696 [PubMed - in process]
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