Human papilloma virus in the etiopathogenesis of allergic nasal polyposis: A prospective study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Human papilloma virus in the etiopathogenesis of allergic nasal polyposis: A prospective study Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: January–February 2022 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 43, Issue 1 Author(s): Avinash Shekhar Jaiswal, Pranay Tanwar, David Victor Kumar Irugu, Kapil Sikka, Rabia Monga, Alok Thakar, Hitesh Verma View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A retrospective multicenter study on the evaluation of perioperative outcomes of single‐port robotic cholecystectomy comparing the Xi and SP versions of the da Vinci Robotic Surgical System

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A retrospective multicenter study on the evaluation of perioperative outcomes of single‐port robotic cholecystectomy comparing the Xi and SP versions of the da Vinci Robotic Surgical System Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Background Single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (SIRC) is widely performed with both the da Vinci Xi system (Xi) and the da Vinci SP system (SP). But there are limited numbers of studies comparing these platforms. Methods Patients who underwent SIRC between 2019 and 2020 were enrolled. Patient demographics, intraoperative factors, postoperative complications, postoperative pain were compared using a one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM). Results Overall, 258 patients underwent SIRC with Xi and 72 with SP. After PSM, there were significant differences between the Xi and SP in operation time at console and numeric rating scale for postoperative pain, but no difference in total operation time and postoperative complications. The SP group showed more estimated blood loss. Conclusions Despite the statistical difference, clinical benefit was not significant. Both platforms can be safe and feasible to perform SIRC, but further investigation including the surgeon's workload and ergonomics is needed as a prospective study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hypoxically cultured cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma increased their glucose metabolic activity under normoxic conditions

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hypoxically cultured cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma increased their glucose metabolic activity under normoxic conditions Via Head and neck cancers by Yuta Shinohara, Jumpei Washio, Yuri Kobayashi, Yuki Abiko, Keiichi Sasaki, Nobuhiro Takahashi Objective The oxygen concentration within cancer tissue is known to be low, but is expected to increase rapidly when oxygen is supplied by angiogenesis and hematogenous metastasis, suggesting that rapid increases in oxygen levels might influence cancer cell physiology. Therefore, we investigated the effects of oxygen concentration fluctuations on the glucose metabolism of cancer cells. Methods The glucose metabolism of oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-2 and HSC-3) and normal epithelial (HaCaT) cells cultured under normoxic (21% oxygen) or hypoxic (1% oxygen) conditions was measured using a pH-stat system under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. The acidic end-products and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by glucose metabolism were also measured. Results Under normoxic conditions, the metabolic activity of hypoxically cultured cancer cells was significantly increased, and the production of acids other than lactate was upregulated, while the normal cells did not r espond to rapid increases in oxygen levels. ROS production was higher in normoxic conditions in all cells, especially the hypoxically cultured HSC-3 cells. Conclusions Rapid increases in oxygen levels might enhance the glucose metabolism of hypoxically cultured cancer cells by mainly activating the TCA cycle and electron transport system, which might activate cancer cells through the ATP and ROS generation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association Between Asthma and Meniere's Disease: A Nested Case–Control Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association Between Asthma and Meniere's Disease: A Nested Case–Control Study Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis This study aimed to investigate the association between Meniere's disease and prior history of asthma. Study Design A nested case-control study. Methods Among the patients aged ≥40 years from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort 2002–2015, 7,734 diagnosed with Meniere's disease between 2004 and 2015 were enrolled in this study. From the 505,834 participants without a prior history of Meniere's disease, 30,936 control participants were selected based on age, sex, income, and region of residence. The presence of a prior history of asthma before the diagnosis of Meniere's disease was compared between the Meniere's disease group and control group using conditional logistic regression with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results Prior history of asthma was associated with 1.30 (1.21–1.39) times higher odds of Meniere's disease (E-value = 1.92 [1.71]). Both allergic asthma and nonallergic asthma patients demonstrated higher odds of Meniere's disease than the control group (adjusted OR = 1.21 [1.08–1.36] and E-value = 1.72 [1.37] for allergic asthma; adjusted OR = 1.26 [1.17–1.36] and E-value = 1.83 [1.60] for nonallergic asthma). Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate a positive relationship between Meniere's disease and prior asthma history in adults. The association between prior asthma history and Meniere's disease was noted in both allergic and nonallergic asthma cases. The potential development of Meniere's disease should be considered when managing the asthma patients with dizziness or vertigo. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association Between Asthma and Meniere's Disease: A Nested Case–Control Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association Between Asthma and Meniere's Disease: A Nested Case–Control Study Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis This study aimed to investigate the association between Meniere's disease and prior history of asthma. Study Design A nested case-control study. Methods Among the patients aged ≥40 years from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort 2002–2015, 7,734 diagnosed with Meniere's disease between 2004 and 2015 were enrolled in this study. From the 505,834 participants without a prior history of Meniere's disease, 30,936 control participants were selected based on age, sex, income, and region of residence. The presence of a prior history of asthma before the diagnosis of Meniere's disease was compared between the Meniere's disease group and control group using conditional logistic regression with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results Prior history of asthma was associated with 1.30 (1.21–1.39) times higher odds of Meniere's disease (E-value = 1.92 [1.71]). Both allergic asthma and nonallergic asthma patients demonstrated higher odds of Meniere's disease than the control group (adjusted OR = 1.21 [1.08–1.36] and E-value = 1.72 [1.37] for allergic asthma; adjusted OR = 1.26 [1.17–1.36] and E-value = 1.83 [1.60] for nonallergic asthma). Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate a positive relationship between Meniere's disease and prior asthma history in adults. The association between prior asthma history and Meniere's disease was noted in both allergic and nonallergic asthma cases. The potential development of Meniere's disease should be considered when managing the asthma patients with dizziness or vertigo. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep‐Disordered Breathing: Should They Stay, or Could They Go?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep‐Disordered Breathing: Should They Stay, or Could They Go? Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Children who do not require oxygen beyond 3 hours after surgery and pass a sleep room air challenge (SRAC) are safe for discharge regardless of polysomnogram (PSG) results or comorbidities. Study Design Cross-sectional prospective study. Methods All children observed overnight undergoing an adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing were prospectively recruited. Demographic, clinical, and PSG characteristics were stratified by whether the patient had required oxygen beyond 3 hours postoperatively (prolonged oxygen requirement [POR]) and compared using t test, chi-squared test, or Fisher's exact test depending on distribution. Optimal cut points for predicting POR postsurgery were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curves. The primary analysis was performed on the full cohort via logistic regression using POR as the outcome. Significant characteristics were analyzed in a logistic regression model, with significance set at P < .05. Results A total of 484 participants met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 5.65 (standard deviation = 4.02) years. Overall, 365 (75%) did not have a POR or any other adverse respiratory event. In multivariable logistic regression, risk factors for POR were an asthma diagnosis (P < .001) and an awake SpO2 <96% (P = .005). The probability of a POR for those without asthma and a SpO2 ≥ 96% was 18% (95% confidence interval: 14–22). Age, obesity, and obstructive apnea/hypopnea index were not associated with POR. Conclusions In conclusion, all children in our study who are off oxygen within 3 hours of surgery and passed a SRAC were safe for discharge from a respiratory standpoint regardless of age, obesity status, asthma diagnosis, and obstructive apnea/hypopnea index. Additional investigations are necessary to confirm our findings. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis: the unmissable modulators of skin inflammatory response

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis: the unmissable modulators of skin inflammatory response Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Acne is a multifactorial inflammatory dermatose that affects all age categories from teenagers to adults, resulting in important psychological impacts. Multiple hypotheses currently attempt to decrypt the physiopathology of this disease, and four main actors were identified as highly implicated in it: hyperkeratinization of the pilosebaceous follicle, hyperseborrheae, host factors (innate immunity) and skin microbiota. In this letter, we present results illustrating the impact of skin microbiota on inflammatory skin response, and how far the proper balance between each bacterial community, especially C. acnes and S. epidermidis, is crucial to maintain an appropriate inflammatory response on the skin. The data presented in this study demonstrate that within the skin microbiota, an imbalance between Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, is able to induce the activation of inflammation-related markers such as IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, and th e molecules C5 / C5a, soluble CD14 MIP-3beta, Serpin E1, VCAM-1 and beta-defensin-2. Moreover, S. epidermidis appears to have a more important role than C. acnes on the induction of inflammation-related markers, particularly on IL-6. This work is the basis of future in vitro studies to further understand acne physiopathology, inspiring the development of future innovative therapies based on skin microbiota modulation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Genomic landscape of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic extramammary Paget’s disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Genomic landscape of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic extramammary Paget's disease Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Although cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing (CAPP-Seq) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has gained attention, the clinical utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) has not been investigated. In this study, genomic alterations in the cfDNA and tumor tissue DNA were investigated in seven patients with metastatic EMPD. CAPP-Seq revealed mutations in 18 genes, 11 of which have not yet been reported in EMPD. The variant allele frequency of some of the mutated genes reflected the disease course in patients with EMPD. In one patient, the mutation was detected even though imaging findings revealed no metastasis. In another patient with triple EMPD (genital area and both axilla), cfDNA sequencing detected the mutation in a rib metastatic lesion, which was also detected in both axilla lesions but not the genital region. Investigations of the ctDNA may be useful toward the elucidation of clonal evolution in EMPD. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Methodological shortcomings in the reports of the imiquimod psoriatic model

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Methodological shortcomings in the reports of the imiquimod psoriatic model Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting about 2–3% of the worldwide population. More of the knowledge of psoriasis is due to the in vitro and in vivo models tried to reproduce the disease and to know the mechanisms of pathogenesis, as well as to develop new therapies. One of the more simple, cheap and more used models is the imiquimod model based on the application of imiquimod in the depilated skin of mice. Several studies describing the methodology employed to develop an animal disease model does not present all the details about the model more especially related to the use of one sex or another and other methodological aspects that are relevant for researchers and to consider the accuracy of the study. In this review we have selected 100 papers published in the last five years using the imiquimod psoriatic model recording different data such as animal, strain, sex, dose of imiquimod, area of administration, housing information, anesthesia/euthanasia information, number of animals per group and control details among others. Our results revealed several methodological shortcomings in the models of imiquimod to study psoriasis namely sex bias and discrepancies in dose applied or time of imiquimod application among others. As long as these discrepancies exist in animal methodologies, there will be a poor translation from animal studies to clinical applications in dermatology and in other areas. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bacterial membrane vesicles shape S. aureus skin colonization and induction of innate immune responses

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bacterial membrane vesicles shape S. aureus skin colonization and induction of innate immune responses Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Staphylococcus aureus colonization is abundant on the skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients where it contributes to skin inflammation. S. aureus produces virulence factors that distinguish it from commensal skin bacteria such as S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis. However, it has remained unclear, which of these virulence factors have the strongest impact on AD. Membrane vesicles (MVs) are released by pathogenic bacteria and might play an essential role in the long-distance delivery of bacterial effectors such as virulence factors. We show that MVs are also released by skin commensals in a similar quantity and membrane lipid amount as those from pathogenic S. aureus. Interestingly, MVs from skin commensals can protect against S. aureus skin colonization by conditioning human skin for enhanced defence. In contrast, MVs released by S. aureus are able to induce CXCL8 and TNF-α in primary human keratinocytes, recruit neutrophils and i nduce neutrophil extracellular traps, which enhance S. aureus skin colonization. CXCL8 induction is TLR2- and NFkB-dependent and the induction level correlates with the membrane lipid and protein A content of the MVs. Interestingly, MVs of S. aureus strains from the lesional skin of AD patients show an enhanced membrane lipid and protein A content compared to the strains from the non-lesional sites and have an enhanced proinflammatory potential. Our data underline the complex interplay in host- and bacterial derived factors in S. aureus skin colonization and the important role of bacterial derived MVs and their membrane lipid and protein A content in skin inflammatory disorders. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Access and Polarization Electrode Impedance Changes in Electric-Acoustic Stimulation Cochlear Implant Users with Delayed Loss of Acoustic Hearing

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Access and Polarization Electrode Impedance Changes in Electric-Acoustic Stimulation Cochlear Implant Users with Delayed Loss of Acoustic Hearing Via Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology Abstract Acoustic hearing can be preserved after cochlear implant (CI) surgery, allowing for combined electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) and superior speech understanding compared to electric-only hearing. Among patients who initially retain useful acoustic hearing, 30–40 % experience a delayed hearing loss that occurs 3 or more months after CI activation. Increases in electrode impedances have been associated with delayed loss of residual acoustic hearing, suggesting a possible role of intracochlear inflammation/fibrosis as reported by Scheperle et al. (Hear Res 350:45–57, 2017) and Shaul et al. (Otol Neurotol 40(5):e518–e526, 2019). These studies measured only total impedance. Total impedance consists of a composite of access resistance, which reflects resistance of the intracochlear environment, and polarization impedance, which reflects resistive and capacitive properties of the electrode–electrolyte interface as described by Dymond (IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 23(4):274–280, 1976) and Tykocinski et al. (Otol Neurotol 26(5):948–956, 2005). To explore the role of access and polarization impedance components in loss of residual acoustic hearing, these measures were collected from Nucleus EAS CI users with stable acoustic hearing and subsequent precipitous loss of hearing. For the hearing loss group, total impedance and access resistance increased over time while polarization impedance remained stable. For the stable hearing group, total impedance and access resistance were stable while polarization impedance declined. Increased access resistance rather than polarization impedance appears to drive the increase in total impedances seen with loss of hearing. Moreover, access resistance has been correlated with intracochlear fibrosis/inflammation in animal studies as observed by Xu et al. (Hear Res 105(1–2):1–29, 1997) and Tykocinski et al. (Hear Res&n bsp;159(1–2):53–68, 2001). These findings thus support intracochlear inflammation as one contributor to loss of acoustic hearing in our EAS CI population. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Access and Polarization Electrode Impedance Changes in Electric-Acoustic Stimulation Cochlear Implant Users with Delayed Loss of Acoustic Hearing

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Access and Polarization Electrode Impedance Changes in Electric-Acoustic Stimulation Cochlear Implant Users with Delayed Loss of Acoustic Hearing Via Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology Abstract Acoustic hearing can be preserved after cochlear implant (CI) surgery, allowing for combined electric-acoustic stimulation (EAS) and superior speech understanding compared to electric-only hearing. Among patients who initially retain useful acoustic hearing, 30–40 % experience a delayed hearing loss that occurs 3 or more months after CI activation. Increases in electrode impedances have been associated with delayed loss of residual acoustic hearing, suggesting a possible role of intracochlear inflammation/fibrosis as reported by Scheperle et al. (Hear Res 350:45–57, 2017) and Shaul et al. (Otol Neurotol 40(5):e518–e526, 2019). These studies measured only total impedance. Total impedance consists of a composite of access resistance, which reflects resistance of the intracochlear environment, and polarization impedance, which reflects resistive and capacitive properties of the electrode–electrolyte interface as described by Dymond (IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 23(4):274–280, 1976) and Tykocinski et al. (Otol Neurotol 26(5):948–956, 2005). To explore the role of access and polarization impedance components in loss of residual acoustic hearing, these measures were collected from Nucleus EAS CI users with stable acoustic hearing and subsequent precipitous loss of hearing. For the hearing loss group, total impedance and access resistance increased over time while polarization impedance remained stable. For the stable hearing group, total impedance and access resistance were stable while polarization impedance declined. Increased access resistance rather than polarization impedance appears to drive the increase in total impedances seen with loss of hearing. Moreover, access resistance has been correlated with intracochlear fibrosis/inflammation in animal studies as observed by Xu et al. (Hear Res 105(1–2):1–29, 1997) and Tykocinski et al. (Hear Res&n bsp;159(1–2):53–68, 2001). These findings thus support intracochlear inflammation as one contributor to loss of acoustic hearing in our EAS CI population. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.