19 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
19 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
19 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
Clinical efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic subjective tinnitus.
Am J Otolaryngol. 2018 Oct 29;:
Authors: Li J, Jin J, Xi S, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Huang M, He C
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been known with a theoretical basis for tinnitus patients, there still were lack of clinical evidence.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treatment of chronic subjective tinnitus.
METHODS: One hundred patients with chronic subjective tinnitus patients were randomly divided into control (50 cases) and intervention (50 cases) groups, which received the masking therapy and sound treatment and masking therapy and sound treatment plus CBT. The treatment efficacy was evaluated.
RESULTS: The total effective rate in intervention group was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, compared with control group, in intervention group the psychotic somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, and phobic anxiety scores in Symptom Checklist-90 and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), the serum cortisol level was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the serum interleukin-2 level was significantly increased (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Based on the elimination the mood disorders and reduce the stress, CBT can significantly relieve the symptoms of chronic subjective tinnitus.
PMID: 30477911 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Important factor for pain relief in patients with eagle syndrome: Excision technique of styloid process.
Am J Otolaryngol. 2018 Oct 21;:
Authors: Caylakli F
PMID: 30477910 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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MTHFR AND ApoE genetic variants association with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Am J Otolaryngol. 2018 Oct 29;:
Authors: Hamidi AK, Yazdani N, Seyedjavadi KH, Ahrabi NZ, Tajdini A, Aghazadeh K, Amoli MM
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS: Although the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is not clear, however several causes including genetic factors seems to be implicated. We hypothesized that common genetic variants might be involved in SSNHL.
BACKGROUND: SSNHL is known to be an idiopathic disease because the causative factors have not been identified. Several causes including genetic and viral infection besides immune system reaction, neurological disorders, medications, etc. have been previously reported. We examined the association between ApoE and MTHFR gene variants in SSNHL.
METHODS: This study includes case-control scheme encompassing a total of 177 individuals, include patients inflicted with SSNHL and healthy subjects as control group. Genotyping of MTHFR and ApoE variants was conducted by PCR - RFLP method.
RESULT: Our study showed that MTHFR rs1801133 allele frequency is significantly different between cases and controls. Also genotype distribution of ApoE was significantly different between patients and healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS: MTHFR C677T and ApoE gene variant may be associated with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in an Iranian population.
PMID: 30477909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
19 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
2018 SPP Fall Abstracts.
Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2018 Nov 27;:1093526618806423
Authors:
PMID: 30479181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Effects of exercise training in water and on land in patients with COPD: a randomised clinical trial.
Physiotherapy. 2018 Dec;104(4):408-416
Authors: Felcar JM, Probst VS, de Carvalho DR, Merli MF, Mesquita R, Vidotto LS, Ribeiro LRG, Pitta F
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of two similar 6-month protocols of high-intensity exercise training, in water and on land, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial.
SETTING: University-based outpatient clinic.
PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six patients with predominantly moderate-to-severe COPD completed the study.
INTERVENTION: Patients were evaluated at baseline, at 3 months and at the end of the programme (i.e. 6 months). For both groups, the 6-month protocol consisted of high-intensity endurance and strength exercises with gradual increase in time and/or workload, totalling 60 sessions.
MAIN OUTCOMES: Objective monitoring of physical activity in daily life (PADL, primary outcome), lung function, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, body composition, maximal and submaximal exercise capacity, functional status, quality of life, and symptoms of anxiety and depression.
RESULTS: After 6 months of training, a significant improvement in PADL was seen for both groups [mean difference (95% confidence interval): land group 993 (358 to 1628) steps/day; water group 1669 (404 to 2934) steps/day]. Significant improvements were also seen in inspiratory, expiratory and peripheral muscle strength; maximal and submaximal exercise capacity; quality of life and functional status for both groups. There were no significant improvements in lung function, body composition, and symptoms of anxiety and depression for either group. No difference was found in the magnitude of improvement between the two types of training for any outcome.
CONCLUSION: High-intensity exercise training in water generates similar effects compared with training on land in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, rendering it an equally beneficial therapeutic option for this population.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01691131.
PMID: 30477678 [PubMed - in process]
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Predictors for global perceived effect after physiotherapy in patients with neck pain: an observational study.
Physiotherapy. 2018 Dec;104(4):400-407
Authors: Meisingset I, Stensdotter AK, Woodhouse A, Vasseljen O
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic importance of a number of sensorimotor and psychological factors for global perceived effect (GPE) after physiotherapy in patients with neck pain. In addition to baseline values, change scores were used as independent variables to identify treatment-modifiable factors.
DESIGN: Clinical cohort study.
SETTING: Primary and secondary healthcare physiotherapy clinics.
PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n=70) with non-specific neck pain.
INTERVENTION: Usual care physiotherapy.
METHODS: A three-dimensional motion tracking system was used to measure neck motion and sensorimotor variables, in addition to self-reported outcomes covering personal, somatic and psychological factors at baseline (before treatment) and at 2 months. Logistic regression was used to analyse associations between the prognostic variables and the primary outcome (GPE) at 2 months.
RESULTS: At baseline, neck motion and motor control, pain duration and functioning were the strongest predictors for GPE, with no effect of psychological factors. Among the change variables, reduced pain intensity [odds ratio (OR) 1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31 to 2.62], increased functioning (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.92), reduced disability (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.20), reduced kinesiophobia (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.37), reduced catastrophising (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.18) and increased self-efficacy (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21) were significantly associated with GPE.
CONCLUSIONS: Both baseline values and change in pain intensity and functioning predicted GPE at 2 months. Psychological factors such as kinesiophobia, catastrophising and self-efficacy were only able to predict outcome by their change scores, indicating that these factors are modifiable by common physiotherapy practice and are important for GPE.
PMID: 30477677 [PubMed - in process]
32 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
upper respiratory tract infection
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
30 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
Treatment of poikiloderma of Civatte using a redesigned pulsed dye laser with a 15 mm diameter treatment spot.
Lasers Surg Med. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Bernstein EF, Schomacker K, Paranjape A, Jones CJ
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The pulsed-dye laser has long been a gold standard in the treatment of poikiloderma of Civatte. Recent advances in pulsed dye laser technology enable output energies 50% higher, enabling beam diameters of up to 15 mm with clinically relevant fluences. In this study, we investigate this new laser for treatment of this condition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty subjects were enrolled in the study. A total of four treatments were administered at monthly intervals. Blinded assessment of digital, cross-polarized photographs taken at baseline and two months following the last treatment was performed by blinded physician raters using an 11-point clearance scale. Subject reported pain scores immediately following treatment and side effects at all visits were recorded by the investigator.
RESULTS: Seventeen subjects completed the study. Blinded reviewers correctly identified the baseline photo in 48 of 51 cases (94%). All three reviewers mis-identified the same subjects. The blinded reviewers scored 14 out of the 17 subjects with an improvement greater than 40% and 10 out of the 17 subjects greater than 50%. Average improvement was 49% for all 17 subjects. Side effects were limited to mild edema, and mild to moderate erythema and purpura. Pain scores averaged 3.5 on using an 11-point scale.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of a new pulsed-dye laser with a 15 mm spot and 50% higher fluences for the treatment of poikiloderma of Civatte. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 30480322 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Clinical benefit of using a multifractional Er:YAG laser combined with a spatially modulated ablative (SMA) module for the treatment of striae distensae: A prospective pilot study in 20 patients.
Lasers Surg Med. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Meningaud JP, SidAhmed-Mezi M, Billon R, Rem K, La Padula S, Hersant B
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Striae distensae (SD) are cutaneous lesions that often occur on the breasts, abdomen, hips, and thighs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a new technique using a non-invasive Er:YAG laser combined with Spatially Modulated Ablation (SMA) module for the treatment of SD.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective pilot clinical study included 20 patients with skin phototypes I to IV who are affected by SD. The Er:YAG 2940 nm laser with SMA module was used in scanning mode with fluences of 2.3 J/cm2 , frequency of 3 Hz, and pulse duration of 0.3 milliseconds. The laser beam is split into several microspots and penetrates only by 50 μm in the epidermis thickness. This technology induces also the generation of acoustic waves to stimulate tissue regeneration. Each patient underwent six laser sessions. An objective and subjective assessment of SD were used. All adverse events were reported.
RESULTS: Most patients reported good improvement and expressed their satisfaction with the treatment. Cutometric analysis showed significant improvement in skin elasticity at the end of study. Moreover, ultrasound analysis revealed an increase in dermal thickness (P < 0.01). POSAS scores decreased significantly at 3 and 6 months, reflecting improved skin quality. The average recovery time was 5 days, with no adverse effects reported.
CONCLUSION: Using Er:YAG laser (2,940 nm) with SMA technology to treat SD resulted in improved volume and textural appearance without side effects. The elasticity and thickness of the dermis also improved. The Er:YAG laser with SMA module may be considered as a novel and effective technique to treat SD lesions with minimal time recovery. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 30480320 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Treatment of benign pigmented lesions using a novel Dermal Cooling System.
Lasers Surg Med. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Vazirnia A, Ortiz AE
Abstract
Benign pigmented lesions are among the most common dermatologic diagnoses that patients seek treatments for. Treatment modalities range from cryotherapy to light and laser-based technologies. These treatments have been shown to be effective, yet may lead to dyschromia or significant downtime. Therefore, we report the first clinical experience with a novel Dermal Cooling System that provides localized and controlled freezing to benign pigmented lesions. Twenty patients seeking treatment for benign pigmented lesions were treated with the Dermal Cooling System at the laser and cosmetic dermatology clinic at the University of California, San Diego. Photographs were captured at baseline and follow-up visits. Two blinded investigators reviewed and graded the photographs. Most patients experienced improvement after 1 month following the first treatment. Macular or slightly raised lesions responded best. Treatment side effects were transient, lasted a maximum of 3 days, and included erythema, swelling, itching, and darkening. There was no observed long-term dyschromia. The novel Dermal Cooling System shows promise in the treatment of flat to slightly raised benign pigmented lesions with little-to-no downtime. Further clinical experience is necessary to continue to optimize treatment parameters. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PMID: 30480318 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Early aggressive intervention for infantile atopic dermatitis to prevent development of food allergy: a multicenter, investigator-blinded, randomized, parallel group controlled trial (PACI Study)-protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Clin Transl Allergy. 2018;8:47
Authors: Yamamoto-Hanada K, Kobayashi T, Williams HC, Mikami M, Saito-Abe M, Morita K, Natsume O, Sato M, Iwama M, Miyaji Y, Miyata M, Inagaki S, Tatsuki F, Masami N, Nakayama SF, Kido H, Saito H, Ohya Y
Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis is the first clinical manifestation of the atopic march, with the highest incidence in the first year of life. Those affected often go on to develop other allergic diseases including food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Recent evidence suggests that sensitization to foods may occur through a defective skin barrier which is common in atopic dermatitis in early life. We hypothesize that therapeutic aggressive intervention to treat new onset atopic dermatitis may prevent the development of later allergen sensitization, and associated food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.
Methods: This study is a multi-center, pragmatic, two-parallel group, assessor-blind, superiority, individually randomized controlled trial. Atopic dermatitis infants (N = 650) 7-13 weeks old who develop an itchy rash within the previous 28 days are randomly assigned to the aggressive treatment or the conventional treatment in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is oral food challenge-proven IgE-mediated hen's egg allergy at the age of 28 weeks.
Discussion: This is a novel pragmatic RCT study to examine the efficacy of early aggressive treatment for atopic dermatitis to prevent later food allergy. If our hypothesis is correct, we hope that such a strategy might impact on disease prevention in countries where food allergy is common, and that our results might reduce the frequency and associated costs of all food allergies as well as hens egg food allergy. Long-term follow and other similar studies will help to determine whether such a strategy will reduce the burden of other allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis.Trial registration UMIN-CTR: UMIN000028043.
PMID: 30479743 [PubMed]
28 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"[jour]
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
Marital Transitions and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults: Examining Educational Differences.
Gerontology. 2018 Nov 27;:1-12
Authors: Recksiedler C, Stawski RS
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Later decades of the life course have undergone rapid transformations due to demographic changes in ageing societies, such as more frequent occurrences of later-life marital transitions. Adaption to these transitions, even when welcomed, brings novel chances and challenges in negotiating new social roles in old age, which could reinforce preexisting disparities in the acquisition and mastery of resources, social ties, and coping strategies.
OBJECTIVES: Because the ability to weather later-life marital transitions may depend on the long arm of education acquired earlier in the life course, the present study aims to identify and track trends in the prevalence of marriage, divorce/separation, and widowhood among sociodemographic subgroups; link the occurrence of those transitions with mental health; and test the influence of educational attainment on these associations.
METHODS: We employ an intraindividual, within-person approach to quantify the occurrence of marital transitions and their impact using data from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 22,013; 1992-2010). Measures of transition occurrence, depressive symptoms, and educational attainment were available across up to 10 biennial assessments.
RESULTS: Individuals with less than a high school diploma displayed the highest likelihood of losing their significant other through divorce/separation or death. Marital loss was associated with increasing, and marital gain with decreasing, depressive symptoms. Compared to those with less than a high school diploma, individuals with a high school or general equivalency diploma exhibited larger increases in depressive symptoms associated with widowhood, even though their average levels of depressive symptoms were lower in the absence of this transition.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed a predictable educational gradient for the occurrence of marital transitions and later-life mental health. Yet higher, formalized education did not protect the participants from increased depression in the presence of a loss-related transition, which could suggest that the strains of spousal loss may to some degree function as a leveler of the preexisting social inequalities of stratified life courses. We conclude that the benefits conferred by education are not necessarily ubiquitous, and its impact on the adaptation to spousal loss may be more complex and nuanced depending on the range of prior experiences and available coping strategies.
PMID: 30481757 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
27 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"[jour]
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
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Inhibition of the ATPase domain of human topoisomerase IIa on HepG2 cells by 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester: molecular docking and dynamics simulations.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Naine SJ, Devi CS, Doss CGP, Thirumal DK
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The major attention has been received by the natural products in the prevention of diseases due to their pharmacological role.
OBJECTIVE: The major focus of the study was to search for highly potential anti-cancer compounds from marine Streptomyces sp. VITJS4 (NCIM No. 5574).
METHOD: Cytotoxic assay was examined by MTT assay on HepG2 cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract from the fermented broth led to the isolation of the compound. The lead compound structure was elucidated by combined NMR and MS analysis, and the absolute configuration was assigned by extensive spectroscopic analysis.
RESULTS: On the basis of spectroscopic data, the compound was identified as 1, 2 benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono 2-ethylhexyl (BMEH). The compound exhibited in vitro anticancer potential against liver (HepG2) cancer cells. Based on the flow cytometric analysis, it was evident that the BMEH was also effective in arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase. Further, the Western blotting analysis confirmed the down-regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, and activation of caspase-9 and 3. The molecular dynamics simulation was performed to reveal the activity of the compound over a time period of 10ns. From the molecular dynamics studies, it was found that the stability and compactness were attained by the protein by means of the compound interaction.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights our collaborative efforts to ascertain lead molecules from marine actinomycete. This is the first and foremost report to prove the mechanistic studies of the purified compound 1, 2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester isolated from marine Streptomyces sp.VITJS4 against HepG2 cells.
PMID: 30479215 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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NAVIGATE I: Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial of the Exhalation Delivery System With Fluticasone for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2018 Nov 27;:1945892418810281
Authors: Sindwani R, Han JK, Soteres DF, Messina JC, Carothers JL, Mahmoud RA, Djupesland PG
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common, high-morbidity chronic inflammatory disease, and patients often experience suboptimal outcomes with current medical treatment. The exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS-FLU) may improve care by increasing superior/posterior intranasal corticosteroid deposition.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of EDS-FLU versus EDS-placebo in patients with nasal polyps (NP). Coprimary end points were change in nasal congestion and polyp grade. Key secondary end points were Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) and Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale-Revised (MOS Sleep-R). Other prespecified end points included all 4 cardinal symptoms of NP, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI), and key indicators for surgical intervention.
DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, EDS-placebo-controlled, multicenter study.
METHODS: Three hundred twenty-three subjects with NP and moderate-severe congestion/obstruction, most with history of corticosteroid use (94.4%) and/or prior surgery (60.4%), were randomized to EDS-FLU 93 µg, 186 µg, or 372 µg or EDS-placebo twice daily (BID) for 24 weeks (16 double-blind + 8 single-arm extension with EDS-FLU 372 µg BID).
RESULTS: All EDS-FLU doses produced significant improvement in both coprimary end points ( P < .05) and in SNOT-22 total score ( P ≤ .005). EDS-FLU significantly improved all 4 cardinal symptoms of NP ( P < .05), including congestion/obstruction, facial pain/pressure, rhinorrhea/post-nasal drip, and hyposmia/anosmia. Approximately 80% of subjects reported improvement with EDS-FLU, with 65% reporting "much" or "very much" improvement by week 16. Adverse events were generally local in nature and similar to other intranasal steroids studied for similar durations in similar populations, with the most common being epistaxis.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with NP (CRSwNP) who were symptomatic despite high rates of prior intranasal steroid use and/or surgery, EDS-FLU produced statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements compared to EDS-placebo in multiple subjective and objective outcomes (symptoms, SNOT-22, RSDI, SF-36, PGIC, and NP grade), including all 4 cardinal symptoms of CRSwNP.
PMID: 30477309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Insilico structure modeling and molecular docking analysis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT) with antifolate inhibitors.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: Bibi N, Parveen Z, Nawaz MS, Kamal MA
Abstract
Cancer remains the one most serious disease worldwide. Robust metabolism is hallmark of the cancer. PPAT (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase) catalyzes the first committed step of de novo purine biosynthesis. Hence PPAT, the key regulatory spot in De novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis is an attractive and credible drug target for leukemia and other cancer therapeutics. In the present study detailed computational analysis has been performed for PPAT protein the key enzyme in de novo purine biosynthesis is inhibited by many folate derivatives, hence we aimed to investigate and gauge the inhibitory effect of antifolate derivatives; lomexterol (LTX) methotrexate (LTX), and pipretixin (PTX) with human PPAT to effectively capture and inhibit De novo purine biosynthesis pathway. Sequence to structure computational approaches followed by molecular docking experiments were performed to gain insight into the inhibitory mode, binding orientation and binding affinities of selected antifolate derivatives against important structural features of PPAT. Results indicated strong affinity of antifolate inhibitors for the conserved active site of PPAT molecule encompassing number of hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, Vander waals and electrostatic interactions. Conclusively, the strong physical interaction of selected antifolate inhibitors with human PPAT suggests the selective inhibition of De novo purine biosynthesis pathway by antifolate derivatives towards cancer therapeutics.
PMID: 30479216 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
54 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2018/11/28
PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
Epidemiology of meningiomas. A nationwide study of surgically treated tumours on French medico-administrative data.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2018 Nov 24;58:63-70
Authors: Champeaux C, Weller J, Katsahian S
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To describe the epidemiology of surgically treated meningiomas and compare the results with previously published studies.
METHODS: We processed the French medico-administrative national hospital discharge summary database, Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information (PMSI) using an algorithm combining the type of surgical procedure and codes from the International Classification of Diseases to retrieve appropriate cases of meningiomas operated between 2008 and 2016.
RESULTS: This nationwide study found 25,737 cases of operated meningiomas. Global incidence of operated meningiomas equals 4.51, 95%CI[4.46-4.57] for 100 000 person-years and increased over the last 9 years. Benign neoplasms account for 91.3%, neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behaviour for 6.2% and malignant for 2.5%. There is a decrement of female over male ratios as the malignancy potential progresses. Incidence of operated meningiomas was 3 times more frequent in women than men. Mean age at surgery was 57.6 years for women and 59.5 for men. The incidence of meningioma surgery increases with age and is maximal for the 60-64 years category. Only 0.4% of operated patients were under 18 years. Meningioma surgeries of the cranial convexity and the middle skull base are the most common.
CONCLUSION: The PMSI database is a reliable and effective source for studying the epidemiology of surgically treated meningiomas, including the precise location of the tumour. Our findings comfort previous studies and are comparatively correlated. This may assert the usefulness of such a database to investigate the patients' outcome after meningioma surgery.
PMID: 30481723 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Intraoral Endoscopic Ligation of Maxillary Artery in the Infratemporal Fossa.
J Craniofac Surg. 2018 Nov 22;:
Authors: Polev GA, Carrau RL, Golbin DA, Avdeeva KS, Grachev NS, Vorozhtsov IN, Lasunin NV, Cherekaev VA, Salas Galicia JE
Abstract
Ligation of the sphenopalatine and posterior nasal arteries is indicated for posterior epistaxis as initial treatment or when conservative measures fail. In some patients, a transnasal approach or its alternative transantral approach are not possible due to tumor filling the nasal corridor, pterygopalatine fossa, or maxillary sinus. Aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility of endoscopically assisted transoral approach for the ligation of the maxillary artery (MA). Six fresh cadaver specimens (12 sides), previously prepared with intravascular injections of colored latex, were dissected. A combined transnasal and transoral approach exposed the MA from the deep belly of the temporalis muscle laterally to its terminal branches medially. Anatomical relationships of the MA with the deep belly of the temporalis muscle and the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle, and feasibility of access to the MA via a transoral approach were assessed. In all specimens, the MA was found at the point where horizontal fibers of the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle cross the vertical fibers of the deep belly of the temporalis muscle. In 5 specimens, the artery ran anteriorly and laterally to lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle, and in 1 specimen, it ran posteriorly and medially to this muscle, diving between its fibers. The modified endoscopically assisted transoral approach is feasible to ligate the MA. It can be used for proximal vascular control in cases when transnasal and transantral approaches are not viable.
PMID: 30480638 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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[Correction: Pregnancy Rhinitis - an Update].
Laryngorhinootologie. 2018 Jul;97(7):E3
Authors: Friebe-Hoffmann U, Lindemann J
PMID: 30481832 [PubMed - in process]
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Automated Quantification of Vocal Fold Motion in a Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury Mouse Model.
Laryngoscope. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: Haney MM, Hamad A, Leary E, Bunyak F, Lever TE
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The goal of this study was to objectively examine vocal fold (VF) motion dynamics after iatrogenic recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury in a mouse surgical model. Furthermore, we sought to identify a method of inducing injury with a consistent recovery pattern from which we can begin to evaluate spontaneous recovery and test therapeutic interventions.
STUDY DESIGN: Animal model.
METHODS: The right RLN in C57BL/6J mice was crushed for 30 seconds using an aneurysm clip with 1.3-N closing force. Transoral laryngoscopy enabled visualization of VF movement prior to surgery, immediately post-crush, and at two endpoints: 3 days (n = 5) and 2 weeks (n = 5). VF motion was quantified with our custom motion-analysis software. At each endpoint, RLN samples were collected for transmission electron microscopy for correlation with VF motion dynamics.
RESULTS: Our VF tracking software permitted automated quantification of several measures of VF dynamics, such as range and frequency of motion. By 2 weeks post-injury, the frequency of VF movement on the right (injured) side equaled the left, yet range of motion only partially recovered. These objective outcome measures enabled detection of VF dysfunction that persisted at 2 weeks post-crush. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed RLN degeneration 3 days post-crush and partial regeneration at 2 weeks, consistent with functional results obtained with automated VF tracking.
CONCLUSIONS: Our motion-analysis software provides novel objective, quantitative, and repeatable metrics to detect and describe subtle VF dysfunction in mice that corresponds with underlying RLN degeneration and recovery. Adaptation of our tracking software for use with human patients is underway.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: NA Laryngoscope, 2018.
PMID: 30478924 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Antileukotrienes improve naso-ocular symptoms and biomarkers in patients with NARES and asthma.
Laryngoscope. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: De Corso E, Anzivino R, Galli J, Baroni S, Di Nardo W, De Vita C, Salvati A, Autilio C, Settimi S, Mele D, Paludetti G, Mullol J
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to analyze the montelukast effectiveness in improving oculonasal symptoms, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and eosinophilic biomarkers in patients with nonallergic rhinitis eosinophilic syndrome (NARES).
METHODS: We enrolled prospectively 80 symptomatic patients treated with 10 mg once a day of montelukast in monotherapy for 2 months. All patients were investigated before and after treatment. Nasal symptoms (nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, sneezing, nasal itching), ocular symptoms (redness/puffiness, watery eyes), and other PROs (olfactory dysfunction, difficulty going to sleep, nighttime awakenings, and nasal congestion on awakening) were scored by visual analogic scale. The following clinical scores were assessed: Total Nasal Symptom Score (T4NSS), Total Ocular Symptom Score (T2OSS), Total Symptom Score of Patient-Reported Outcomes (TSS-PROs), and a Composite Symptoms Score (CSS). Patients were classified as responders when a reduction of at least 50% of the CSS was observed. Before and after treatment, the eosinophilic biomarkers in nasal lavage were analyzed: nasal eosinophilia (number of eosinophils per high power field), eotaxin-1 and eotaxin-2.
RESULTS: After treatment, significant reductions were observed for all the symptom scores. Forty-two of 78 patients were considered responders. A significant reduction of eosinophils in nasal mucosa and of levels of eotaxin-1 and eotaxin-2 in nasal lavage were observed after treatment in responder patients. Patients with asthma had an increased probability to be responders.
CONCLUSION: NARES patients may benefit from treatment with montelukast. In particular, the presence of concomitant asthma may be predictive of a greater efficacy.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2. Laryngoscope, 2018.
PMID: 30478909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Smartphone telemedical emergency department consults for screening of nonacute dizziness.
Laryngoscope. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: Shah MU, Lotterman S, Roberts D, Eisen M
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Each year, the United States spends over $4 billion on emergency department visits for evaluation of dizziness. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common cause of dizziness that can easily be diagnosed by observing characteristic eye movements during the Dix-Hallpike test (DHT). The DHT is easily performed; however, interpretation requires more advanced training. This may be part of the reason it is not commonly performed in emergency departments, and instead, patients undergo costly imaging tests. We evaluated whether smartphone-based video recordings of DHT could be assessed telemedically for screening of nonacute dizziness.
STUDY DESIGN: Feasibility study.
METHODS: Dizzy patients underwent objective vestibular testing, but also had videos of their eye movements recorded via a smartphone during the DHT. The videos were remotely reviewed by two neuro-otologists for BPPV screening and were compared to objective and in-person exam findings.
RESULTS: Overall, 30 dizzy patients were evaluated with seven cases of BPPV. The sensitivity for diagnosing BPPV via a smartphone-recording of eye movements of the DHT was 92.86%, with a specificity of 100% and a negative predictive value of 97.87%.
CONCLUSIONS: Our initial proof-of-concept study shows that remote screening of BPPV is possible with high specificity. Because the DHT is easily taught, having a remote otolaryngologist interpret the resulting eye movements may increase usage of the test and may lead to cost savings.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2018.
PMID: 30478898 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Immunocytochemistry Based on a Cell-Type-Specific Aptamer for Rapid Immunostaining of Adenocarcinoma Cells in Clinical Serosal Fluids.
Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: Zhang Y, Xu J, Li D, Wan T, Hu Q
Abstract
All too often, conventional immunocytochemistry (ICC) via an antibody on cytological samples is limited to a few smears due to scant cellularity. To circumvent these limitations, this study employed a cell-type-specific aptamer as the core tool in ICC protocols for a timely and highly specific ICC diagnosis. S6, an aptamer against A549 lung carcinoma cells, was adopted instead of antibodies in this study for differentiating cancer cells in serosal fluids. Here, we developed three different strategies for discriminating the adenocarcinoma cells in effusion cytology specimens using the S6 aptamer in ICC. These strategies included a biotin-labeled S6 aptamer, an FAM-labeled S6 aptamer, and an activatable S6 aptamer. A total of 112 serosal fluid specimens with known diagnoses were evaluated by all three modes of use of the S6 aptamer. ICC procedures based on biotin-labeled or FAM-labeled S6 aptamers required time-consuming washing to avoid interference from nonspecific adsorption. ICC procedures based on an activatable S6 aptamer probe showed a weak fluorescence signal in the absence of target cells, but the procedures showed a strong fluorescence signal due to alteration of the conformation without any complicated washing steps, in the presence of targets. The specificity and sensitivity are higher in all three different ICC protocols based on the S6 aptamer than those for antibody protocols for differentiating adenocarcinoma cells in clinical effusion cytology. ICC based on cell-type-specific aptamers, instead of on a panel of a set of antibodies, is promising as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of cancer.
PMID: 30478720 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Widening the phenotypical spectrum of EGR2-related CMT: Unusual phenotype for R409W mutation.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2018 Nov 22;130(1):93-94
Authors: Leonardi L, Garibaldi M, Fionda L, Vanoli F, Loreti S, Morino S, Antonini G
PMID: 30481651 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Electrophysiological evidence for changes in attentional orienting and selection in functional somatic symptoms.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2018 Oct 30;130(1):85-92
Authors: Karlinski M, Jones A, Forster B
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated changes in attention mechanisms in people who report a high number of somatic symptoms which cannot be associated with a physical cause.
METHOD: Based on scores on the Somatoform Disorder Questionnaire (SDQ-20; Nijenhuis et al., 1996) we compared two non-clinical groups, one with high symptoms on the SDQ-20 and a control group with low or no symptoms. We recorded EEG whilst participants performed an exogenous tactile attention task where they had to discriminate between tactile targets following a tactile cue to the same or opposite hand.
RESULTS: The neural marker of attentional orienting to the body, the Late Somatosensory Negativity (LSN), was diminished in the high symptoms group and attentional modulation of touch processing was prolonged at mid and enhanced at later latency stages in this group.
CONCLUSION: These results confirm that attentional processes are altered in people with somatic symptoms, even in a non-clinical group. Furthermore, the observed pattern fits explanations of changes in prior beliefs or expectations leading to diminished amplitudes of the marker of attentional orienting to the body (i.e. the LSN) and enhanced attentional gain of touch processing.
SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that high somatic symptoms are associated with neurocognitive attention changes.
PMID: 30481650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Detecting abnormal electroencephalograms using deep convolutional networks.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2018 Nov 17;130(1):77-84
Authors: van Leeuwen KG, Sun H, Tabaeizadeh M, Struck AF, van Putten MJAM, Westover MB
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a central part of the medical evaluation for patients with neurological disorders. Training an algorithm to label the EEG normal vs abnormal seems challenging, because of EEG heterogeneity and dependence of contextual factors, including age and sleep stage. Our objectives were to validate prior work on an independent data set suggesting that deep learning methods can discriminate between normal vs abnormal EEGs, to understand whether age and sleep stage information can improve discrimination, and to understand what factors lead to errors.
METHODS: We train a deep convolutional neural network on a heterogeneous set of 8522 routine EEGs from the Massachusetts General Hospital. We explore several strategies for optimizing model performance, including accounting for age and sleep stage.
RESULTS: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) on an independent test set (n = 851) is 0.917 marginally improved by including age (AUC = 0.924), and both age and sleep stages (AUC = 0.925), though not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The model architecture generalizes well to an independent dataset. Adding age and sleep stage to the model does not significantly improve performance.
SIGNIFICANCE: Insights learned from misclassified examples, and minimal improvement by adding sleep stage and age suggest fruitful directions for further research.
PMID: 30481649 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The role of mitochondria in systemic lupus erythematosus: A glimpse of various pathogenetic mechanisms.
Curr Med Chem. 2018 Nov 26;:
Authors: Yang SK, Zhang HR, Shi SP, Zhu YQ, Song N, Dai Q, Zhang W, Gui M, Zhang H
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a polysystem autoimmune disease that adversely affects human health. Various organ can be affected, including the kidney or brain. Traditional treatment methods for SLE primarily rely on glucocorticoids and immunosuppressors. Unfortunately, these therapeutic agents cannot prevent a high recurrence rate after SLE remission. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets are urgently required.
METHODS: A systematic search of the published literature regarding the abnormal structure and function of mitochondria in SLE and therapies targeting mitochondria was performed in several databases.
RESULTS: Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction plays important roles in the pathogenesis of SLE, including influencing mitochondrial DNA damage, mitochondrial dynamics change, abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism, mitophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, apoptosis and NETosis. Further investigation of mitochondrial pathophysiological roles will result in further clarification of SLE. Specific lupus-induced organ damage also exhibits characteristic mitochondrial changes.
CONCLUSION: This review aimed to summarize the current research on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in SLE, which will necessarily provide potential novel therapeutic targets for SLE.
PMID: 30479205 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hospital at Home-Plus: A Platform of Facility-Based Care.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: DeCherrie LV, Wajnberg A, Soones T, Escobar C, Catalan E, Lubetsky S, Leff B, Federman A, Siu A
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To describe the evolution of a hospital at home (HaH) program to a HaH with a 30-day posthospitalization transition period (HaH-Plus) and results of a retrospective review of cases.
DESIGN: After launching HaH-Plus, we used the same interdisciplinary clinical team to provide acute home-based care for a broader range of home-based acute-level services than originally conceived in the Hospital at Home model. These included a palliative care unit at home (PCUaH), an observation unit at home (OUaH), a post-acute care rehabilitation at home (RaH), and a program for the hospital averse - those patients needing to be in the hospital but who refuse.
SETTING: Urban health system.
PARTICIPANTS: Individuals 18 years or older residing in specified catchment area with Medicare fee-for-service or accepted Medicare/Medicaid Advantage plans requiring facility-based care.
INTERVENTION: Provision of facility-based acute-level care at home to 685 participants.
MEASUREMENTS: Length of stay, readmission, and mortality.
RESULTS: HaH-Plus cared for 685 individuals. The PCUaH had the oldest participants (mean age 87), and all groups were predominantly female and dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. Diagnoses and length of stay were similar in all groups except that those in RaH had a larger group of diagnoses, than those accepted in to HaH-Plus and those in OUaH had a shorter stay. Rate of readmission was highest for RaH (19%). Mortality during the active treatment episode was highest for PCUaH and hospital averse as compared to HaH-Plus, OUaH and RaH.
CONCLUSION: Providing a broader range of facility-based care in the home has significant advantages for patients and increases the scalability of HaH. Developing a spectrum of services was possible by leveraging a robust, 24-hour HaH team. Community- and home-based care could become a greater part of the U.S. healthcare system if a platform of HaH services along with advances in technology and payment models were developed.
PMID: 30481382 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Paint by Numbers.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Applegate WB, Upadhya B, Patrick Ober K
PMID: 30481380 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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The Relationship between Random Gap Detection and Hearing in Noise Test Performances.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):948-954
Authors: Heeke P, Vermiglio AJ, Bulla E, Velappan K, Fang X
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Temporal acoustic cues are particularly important for speech understanding, and past research has inferred a relationship between temporal resolution and speech recognition in noise ability. A temporal resolution disorder is thought to affect speech understanding abilities because persons would not be able to accurately encode these frequency transitions, creating speech discrimination errors even in the presence of normal pure-tone hearing.
PURPOSE: The primary purpose was to investigate the relationship between temporal resolution as measured by the Random Gap Detection Test (RGDT) and speech recognition in noise performance as measured by the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) in adults with normal audiometric thresholds. The second purpose was to examine the relationship between temporal resolution and spatial release from masking.
RESEARCH DESIGN: The HINT and RGDT protocols were administered under headphones according to the guidelines specified by the developers. The HINT uses an adaptive protocol to determine the signal-to-noise ratio where the participant recognizes 50% of the sentences. For HINT conditions, the target sentences were presented at 0° and the steady-state speech-shaped noise and a four-talker babble (4TB) was presented at 0°, +90°, or -90° for noise front, noise right, and noise left conditions, respectively. The RGDT is used to evaluate temporal resolution by determining the smallest time interval between two matching stimuli that can be detected by the participant. The RGDT threshold is the shortest time interval where the participant detects a gap. Tonal (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) and click stimuli random gap subtests were presented at 60 dB HL. Tonal subtests were presented in a random order to minimize presentation order effects.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty-one young, native English-speaking participants with normal pure-tone thresholds (≤25 dB HL for 500-4000 Hz) participated in this study. The average age of the participants was 20.2 years (SD = 0.66).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Spearman rho correlation coefficients were conducted using SPSS 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) to determine the relationships between HINT and RGDT thresholds and derived measures (spatial advantage and composite scores). Nonparametric testing was used because of the ordinal nature of RGDT data.
RESULTS: Moderate negative correlations (p < 0.05) were found between eight RGDT and HINT threshold measures and a moderate positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found between RGDT click thresholds and HINT 4TB spatial advantage. This suggests that as temporal resolution abilities worsened, speech recognition in noise performance improved. These correlations were not statistically significant after the p value reflected the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
CONCLUSION: The results of the present study imply that the RGDT and HINT use different temporal processes. Performance on the RGDT cannot be predicted from HINT thresholds or vice versa.
PMID: 30479267 [PubMed - in process]
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Problems and Life Effects Experienced by Tinnitus Research Study Volunteers: An Exploratory Study Using the ICF Classification.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):936-947
Authors: Manchaiah V, Beukes EW, Granberg S, Durisala N, Baguley DM, Allen PM, Andersson G
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tinnitus is one of the most distressing hearing-related symptoms. It is often associated with a range of physiological and psychological complications, such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Hence, approaching tinnitus from a biopsychological perspective may be more appropriate than from purely a biomedical model.
OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at determining the relationship between tinnitus and the problems and life effects experienced by UK-based tinnitus research study volunteers. Open-ended questions were used. Responses were classified using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to understand the impact of tinnitus in a multidimensional manner using a biopsychosocial perspective.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey design was used.
STUDY SAMPLE: Study sample included a sample of 240 adults with tinnitus who were interested in undertaking an Internet-based intervention for tinnitus.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The data were collated using two open-ended questions. The first focused on problems related to having tinnitus and the second to life effects as a result of tinnitus. Responses were analyzed using a simplified content analysis approach to link concepts to ICF categories in accordance with established linking rules. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare the number of responses between the two questions.
RESULTS: There were 764 responses related to problems identified, 797 responses associated with life effects due to tinnitus, and 37 responses that did not fit into any ICF category. No significant differences were observed in the number of responses between the two questions. In addition, no significant association between the number of responses reported and demographic variables was found. Most of the problems and life effects experienced by tinnitus sufferers were related to body function, followed by activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Only a few responses were related to environmental and personal factors. The most frequent responses related to body function involved "emotional functions" (b152), "sleep functions" (b134), "hearing functions" (b230), "sustaining attention" (b1400), and "energy level" (b1300). For activity limitations and participation restrictions they were "communicating with-receiving-spoken messages" (d310), "socialization" (d9205), "handling stress and other psychological demands" (d240), and "recreation and leisure" (d920). The most frequently occurring responses related to environmental factors were "sound intensity" (e2500), "sound quality" (e2501), and "general products and technology for communication" (e1250). "Coping styles" was the most frequently occurring personal factor.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the use of open-ended questions in gathering useful information about the impact of tinnitus. The responses coded to ICF show that tinnitus impacts many domains, not only particularly body function, but also activity limitations and participation restrictions. The results demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of the impact of tinnitus on people affected.
PMID: 30479266 [PubMed - in process]
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A Large-Scale Examination of Veterans with Normal Pure-Tone Hearing Thresholds within the Department of Veterans Affairs.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):928-935
Authors: Billings CJ, Dillard LK, Hoskins ZB, Penman TM, Reavis KM
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) audiologists have anecdotally reported examining numerous Veterans with normal pure-tone thresholds; however, the prevalence of these patients within the VA is unknown. The VA audiological data repository provides an ideal dataset to examine this group of Veterans. Knowing the prevalence of normal-hearing Veterans within the VA system is the first step to understanding the underlying referral patterns and clinical complaints of Veterans. Data repositories which capture data from both normal and impaired populations provide an indispensable view into hearing health care which can help to improve diagnosis and treatment of Veterans' hearing difficulties.
PURPOSE: Using the VA audiological data repository, this study aimed to (1) determine the prevalence of normal hearing thresholds among Veterans seeking hearing health care within the VA health care system and (2) determine the prevalence of abnormal clinical audiology test results among Veterans with normal hearing thresholds.
RESEARCH DESIGN: This study was a large-scale retrospective, descriptive observational analysis of uploaded audiological records from the VA Denver Acquisition and Logistics Center audiological data repository encompassing visits that took place between April 1991 and June 2015.
STUDY SAMPLE: At the time of data extraction, there were 3,641,326 audiological records in the repository, with 2,322,771 unique individual records. The study sample was further restricted to include only individuals with normal hearing (n = 235,091), which was defined as pure-tone thresholds better than, or equal to, 25 dB HL at octave frequencies from 250 to 8000 Hz, bilaterally. Patients ranged from 19 to 90+ years of age.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We describe the data using frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and means and standard deviations for continuous variables. In addition to hearing thresholds, the occurrence of abnormal results on other tests in the audiological test battery is also reported. We estimate the prevalence of normal hearing among all Veterans with records in the VA audiological data repository.
RESULTS: Veterans with normal hearing were on average 37 yr old. The prevalence of Veterans with normal hearing thresholds visiting VA audiology clinics in the current hearing repository dataset was 10.12%. Overall, 41% of Veterans with normal pure-tone thresholds had other clinically abnormal audiological test results; for example, contralateral acoustic reflex thresholds (31.7%) and tympanometry (21.5%) had the highest rate of abnormal test results.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one in ten Veterans seeking care within the VA healthcare system, and reported to the VA audiological data repository, has normal pure-tone hearing thresholds. This may be an underestimate of the true underlying prevalence of normal-hearing Veterans seeking audiology services at the VA because records with normal results were not consistently submitted to the repository. In addition, 41% of Veterans with normal pure-tone thresholds nonetheless presented with other audiological abnormalities. This study suggests that future work directed toward understanding referral patterns and clinical complaints of individuals who present to VA audiology clinics with normal hearing thresholds may be fruitful in the cause of improving diagnosis and treatment of Veterans' hearing difficulties.
PMID: 30479265 [PubMed - in process]
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Teaching Counseling Skills in Audiology Graduate Programs: Clinical Supervisors' Perceptions and Practices.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):917-927
Authors: Muñoz K, Landon T, Corbin-Lewis K
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Counseling is a critical component within audiological service delivery. Partnering with patients to support them in learning to effectively cope with their hearing challenges is a key component in achieving desired outcomes. Even though there is agreement on the foundational role counseling plays in audiology service delivery, counseling instruction varies among audiology training programs.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspectives and practices of supervisors in audiology graduate training programs related to mentoring students in the acquisition of counseling skills.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A cross-sectional design was used; participants completed a self-report survey.
STUDY SAMPLE: The survey was sent to 323 clinical supervisors in AuD graduate programs in the United States.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Completed surveys were received from 205 supervisors. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify practice trends.
RESULTS: Participants reported their perceptions about importance of teaching counseling skills to audiology students, their confidence in teaching skills, their self-efficacy for supporting student learning, how they provide feedback to students, and challenges they encounter. Most participants reported their program requires a counseling course (88%; n = 176). Most of the participants reported confidence in teaching counseling skills; however, fewer reported being very or extremely confident in teaching students how to talk with clients about their emotions (53%; n = 109) and explaining the rationale behind specific counseling strategies (47%; n = 97). Participants with more years of supervisory experience had statistically significantly higher self-ratings for teaching confidence and self-efficacy for supporting student learning in counseling than those with fewer years of experience.
CONCLUSIONS: Audiology supervisors in AuD programs believe counseling is important to teach to students; however, they report variability in use of methods for providing feedback, evaluating student performance, and in their self-efficacy for supporting student learning. Future audiologists would benefit from a more systematic approach within graduate training for teaching counseling skills.
PMID: 30479264 [PubMed - in process]
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Auditory P300 in Noise in Younger and Older Adults.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):909-916
Authors: McCullagh J, Shinn JB
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older adults often report difficulty hearing in background noise which is not completely attributable to peripheral hearing loss. Although age-related declines in cognition and hearing in background noise occur, the underlying age-related changes in processing of auditory stimuli in background noise has yet to be fully understood. The auditory P300 has the potential to elucidate the effects of age on auditory and cognitive processing of stimuli in background noise, but additional research is warranted.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate age-related differences in cognitive processing of auditory stimuli by evoking the auditory P300 at multiple signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).
RESEARCH DESIGN: A two-group, repeated measures study design was used.
STUDY SAMPLE: A convenience sample of 35 participants, 15 older adults (mean age of 66.4 yr) and 20 younger adults (mean age of 21.1 yr), participated in the study. All participants had negative otologic and neurological histories.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The auditory P300 was evoked using an oddball paradigm with 500 (frequent) and 1000 Hz (target) tonal stimuli in quiet and in the presence of background noise at +20, +10, and 0 SNRs. P300 amplitudes and latencies were measured in each condition for every participant. Repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted for the amplitude and latency measures of the P300 for each group.
RESULTS: Results from this study demonstrated P300 latencies were significantly longer in older adults in noise at the most challenging condition (0 SNR) compared with the quiet condition and between the +10 SNR and 0 SNR conditions. Although older adults had significantly longer P300 latencies compared with younger adults, no significant group by listening condition interaction existed. No significant P300 amplitude differences were found for group, noise, or group × listening condition interactions.
CONCLUSIONS: Results provide evidence that auditory cortical processing, regardless of age, is poorer at more difficult SNRs. However, results also demonstrate that older adults perform significantly poorer than younger adults. This supports the notion that some degree of age-related decline in synchronous firing and rate of transmission of the auditory cortical neurons contributing to the auditory P300 exists. Studies are needed to further understand the impact of noise on auditory cortical processing across populations.
PMID: 30479263 [PubMed - in process]
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Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Living Questionnaire in Hearing Aid Users.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):898-908
Authors: Genç M, Çildir B, Kaya M
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Assessing hearing aid satisfaction is important for hearing aid adaptation in individuals who have hearing loss. Each user should be compared to oneself during the adaptation of the hearing aid and the determination of the satisfaction level, because, each user has their own demands and expectations. Therefore, the survey evaluations which reveal the personal preferences and expectations gain importance in the determination of the benefit and satisfaction rate for hearing aid users.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Turkish version of the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Living (TSADL) among hearing aid users.
RESEARCH DESIGN: The original Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Living (SADL) questionnaire was translated from English to the TSADL. Linguistic adaptation attempted to ensure equivalency, both grammatically and idiomatically, and was assessed by investigators related to the field.
STUDY SAMPLE: One hundred and sixty hearing aid users with sensorineural hearing loss, aged 18 to 90 yr (54.51 ± 18.21), who had been using a hearing aid regularly for more than 6 mo participated in the study; seventy three (45.10%) were male and 87 (54.30%) were female.
DATA COLLECTION: Participants completed the TSADL twice, 3 mo apart (long enough to forget their replies in the first application but short enough to prevent any changes to the measured properties).
RESULTS: When factor analysis of the questionnaire was performed, subdimension factor loadings were found to range from 0.744 to 0.854 for "Positive Effect," 0.62 to 0.985 for "Personal Image," and 0.903 to 0.913 for "Adverse Features"; the factor loading of "Service and Cost" was 0.983. Because all factor loadings were above 0.30, no items were excluded from the Turkish version of the questionnaire. Although the TSADL retained the original four factors, because of differences in Turkish social structures and perspectives, questions #12 and #15 revealed an association between the "Service and Cost" and "Positive Effects" subdimensions.
CONCLUSIONS: The SADL-TR scale can be reliably used in clinical studies to rapidly assess patient satisfaction, compare satisfaction levels, determine normative satisfaction level, compare various amplifications, and gather administrative outcome data.
PMID: 30479262 [PubMed - in process]
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Speech Recognition in Noise in Adults and Children Who Speak English or Chinese as Their First Language.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):885-897
Authors: Schafer EC, Aoyama K, Ho T, Castillo P, Conlin J, Jones J, Thompson S
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Speech recognition of individuals who are listening to a nonnative language is significantly degraded in the presence of background noise and may be influenced by proficiency, age of acquisition, language experience, and daily use of the nonnative language.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine and compare speech recognition in noise performance across test conditions with varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) as well as the presence of vocal and spatial cues in listeners who speak American English as a native language or Mandarin Chinese as a native language. Self-rated English proficiency and experience were collected for native Mandarin Chinese speakers to determine its relationship to performance on the test measures.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A cross-sectional repeated measures design was used for the study.
STUDY SAMPLE: Four groups of participants were included in the study. The adult groups consisted of 25 adults who speak native English and 25 adults who speak native Mandarin Chinese with English as an additional language. The pediatric groups consisted of 16 children who speak native English and 16 children who speak native Mandarin Chinese with English as an additional language.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSES: Percent correct speech recognition in noise was assessed at three SNRs (-3, 0, +3 dB) using the adult or pediatric versions of the AzBio sentence test. The Listening in Spatialized Noise-Sentence (LiSN-S) test was used to determine the effect of providing spatial and vocal cues on the speech recognition in noise performance of the groups of participants. The data for each age group and test measure were analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance. Correlation analyses were performed to examine relationships between English proficiency and experience on performance across the speech recognition test conditions.
RESULTS: Analysis of the data from the adult or pediatric AzBio sentence test identified a significant effect of native language for adults but no significant effect for children. The higher SNRs yielded better performance for all listeners. On the LiSN-S test, results for the adult and pediatric groups were similar and showed significantly better performance for the native English speakers in every test condition. The demographic and language characteristics that most affected speech recognition performance across the test measures included the length of time the person lived in the United States, the age of English acquisition, the number of minutes per day English was spoken by the participant, and the self-rated English proficiency.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings in this study highlight the importance and benefit of higher SNRs as well as the provision of vocal and spatial cues for improving speech recognition performance in noise of adult and pediatric listeners who speak Mandarin Chinese as a native language.
PMID: 30479261 [PubMed - in process]
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The Effect of Presentation Mode and Production Type on Word Memory for Hearing Impaired Signers.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):875-884
Authors: Swead RT, Mama Y, Icht M
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Production effect (PE) is a memory phenomenon referring to better memory for produced (vocalized) than for non-produced (silently read) items. Reading aloud was found to improve verbal memory for normal-hearing individuals, as well as for cochlear implant users, studying visually and aurally presented material.
PURPOSE: The present study tested the effect of presentation mode (written or signed) and production type (vocalization or signing) on word memory in a group of hearing impaired young adults, sign-language users.
RESEARCH DESIGN: A PE paradigm was used, in which participants learned lexical items by two presentation modes, written or signed. We evaluated the efficacy of two types of productions: vocalization and signing, using a free recall test.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty hearing-impaired young adults, Israeli sign language (ISL) users, participated in the study, ten individuals who mainly use manual communication (MC) (ISL as a first language), and ten who mainly use total communication (TC).
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: For each condition, we calculated the proportion of study words recalled. A mixed-design analysis of variance was conducted, with learning condition (written-vocalize, written-signed, and manual-signed) and production type (production and no-production) as within-subject variables, and group (MC and TC) as a between-subject variable.
RESULTS: Production benefit was documented across all learning conditions, with better memory for produced over non-produced words. Recall rates were higher when learning written words relative to signed words. Production by signing yielded better memory relative to vocalizing.
CONCLUSIONS: The results are explained in light of the encoding distinctiveness account, namely, the larger the number of unique encoding processes involved at study, the better the memory benefit.
PMID: 30479260 [PubMed - in process]
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6 Blind Men, an Elephant, and the Peer-Review Process.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2018 Nov/Dec;29(10):874
Authors: Jacobson GP
PMID: 30479259 [PubMed - in process]
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Impact of Septal Deviation on Recurrent Chronic Rhinosinusitis after Primary Surgery: A Matched Case-Control Study.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Nov 27;:194599818815106
Authors: Fu T, Lee D, Yip J, Jamal A, Lee JM
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of untreated deviated nasal septum (DNS) on recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) among patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).
STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study.
SETTING: Tertiary academic center.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 489 patients undergoing revision ESS for CRS at a tertiary academic center. Patients undergoing septoplasty were matched to nonseptoplasty controls based on age and sex. Preoperative Lund-Mackay score (LMS) was compared between cohorts. Linear regression was used to identify predictors of LMS and ostiomeatal complex (OMC) obstruction.
RESULTS: Thirty-six matched pairs (72 patients) were selected for analysis: 36 undergoing septoplasty and revision ESS and 36 undergoing revision ESS alone. Compared with nonseptoplasty controls, the septoplasty group had a significantly higher average LMS (17.8 vs 14.6, P = .02) and a greater rate of OMC obstruction (89% vs 61%, P < .01). The septoplasty group also had significantly higher opacification scores in the maxillary (1.5 vs 1.2, P = .03) and posterior ethmoid (1.8 vs 1.4, P = .02) sinuses. On multivariable analysis, DNS was an independent predictor of LMS ( P = .02) and OMC obstruction ( P < .01).
CONCLUSION: Untreated DNS is associated with radiographic markers of CRS severity among patients undergoing revision ESS and may contribute to the multifactorial pathogenesis of persistent CRS.
PMID: 30481474 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Middle Eastern Rhinoplasty: Relationship of the Nasal Spine and Caudal Septum to Tip Projection and Columellar-Labial Angle.
OTO Open. 2017 Oct-Dec;1(4):2473974X17742857
Authors: Arden RL, Baldwin BJ, Coffey MP
Abstract
Objective: To measure the anterior nasal spine length (ANSL) and septal caudal extension (SCE), as well as assess the strength of association between these variables and tip projection in the Middle Eastern nose. Our secondary aim was to assess if columellar-labial angle (CLA) or columellar-spinal angle (CSA) vary as a function of ANSL and/or SCE.
Study Design/Setting: Prospective single institutional study.
Subjects: Middle Eastern primary rhinoplasty patients without nasal trauma or prior endonasal surgical history.
Methods: Photographic and intraoperative caliper measurements were used to determine Goode ratio (GR), CLA, CSA, ANSL, and SCE. Associations between numeric variables were examined with scatterplots, including use of LOWESS curves and Pearson correlation coefficients. Linear regression models were used for predicting quantitative variables (GR, CLA, CSA). Logistic regression models were used for predicting overprojection status based on GR.
Results: In total, 102 patients met inclusion criteria (82 females, 20 males). Mean ANSL and SCE were 8.6 mm and 14.9 mm, respectively; ANSL and SCE had a strong positive association with each other. SCE and ANSL were found to have low predictability for GR, CLA, or CSA.
Conclusion: Determinations of projection status using the GR method do not appear to be related to ANSL or SCE values in our Middle Eastern study group. Relationships of absolute columellar-labial or columellar-spinal angles are likely more complex than isolated value implications of SCE or ANSL.
PMID: 30480200 [PubMed]
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Palate ulcer, uvular destruction and nasal septal perforation caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis in an HIV-infected patient.
Med Mycol Case Rep. 2019 Mar;23:16-19
Authors: Eyer-Silva WA, de Azevedo MCVM, da Silva GAR, Basílio-de-Oliveira RP, de Araujo LF, do Lago IV, Pereira FCF, Fernandes MBT, Figueiredo-Carvalho MHG, Souza Rabello VB, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Almeida-Paes R, Ferry FRA, Neves-Motta R
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a human and animal disease caused by dimorphic pathogenic species of the genus Sporothrix. We report a dramatic presentation of Sporothrix brasiliensis infection, with destruction of the nasal septum, soft palate, and uvula of an HIV-infected woman. She was successfully treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate followed by itraconazole. Sporotrichosis remains a neglected opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS and awareness of this potentially fatal infection is of utmost importance.
PMID: 30479942 [PubMed]
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Evidenced-Based Approach to Abdominoplasty Update.
Aesthet Surg J. 2018 Nov 27;:
Authors: Shestak KC, Rios L, Pollock TA, Aly A
Abstract
The following publication was compiled as an evidence-based update for plastic surgeons performing abdominoplasty from a review of the published literature on that subject between January 2014 and February 2017. It is an overview of various aspects of abdominoplasty including preoperative patient assessment, variations and advances in both surgical and anesthetic technique, patient safety, and outcomes. It is intended to serve as an adjunct to previously published evidence-based reviews of abdominoplasty.
PMID: 30481261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Klotho Protein Protects Human Keratinocytes from UVB-Induced Damage Possibly by Reducing Expression and Nuclear Translocation of NF-κB.
Med Sci Monit. 2018 Nov 27;24:8583-8591
Authors: Zhang B, Xu J, Quan Z, Qian M, Liu W, Zheng W, Yin F, Du J, Zhi Y, Song N
Abstract
BACKGROUND UV-related skin disease such as actinic keratosis is a major concern in public health. In view of the cell injury induced by UVB, Klotho protein it is an ideal therapy to eliminate UVB-induced cell damages and the associated signaling pathways. MATERIAL AND METHODS To gain insights into the potential role of Klotho and the underlying molecular mechanism, we constructed a Klotho-overexpress HaCaT cell line and assessed the protection against UVB insults. The effects of exposure to UVB radiation on the human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, including cell growth, apoptosis, and changes of selected biomarkers, were measured by CCK-8, flow cytometry, Quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS We found that enhanced NF-κB activity was accompanied by decreased expression of the anti-aging protein Klotho upon UVB stimulation, which was further confirmed with in vivo experiments. Overexpression of Klotho was able to considerably alleviate the UVB-induced damages to cells and reversed the UVB-caused biomarker changes to a great extent, which was comparable to the effects of administration of NF-κB inhibitor PDTC, suggesting the inhibition of nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. Furthermore, Klotho overexpression was proved to decrease the nuclear expression of NF-κB as much as the treatment with PDTC, which provides support for the direct regulation of NF-κB by Klotho. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our work provides new insight into the potential role of Klotho in the context of UVB-induced injuries in human keratinocytes, as well as providing the basis for future study of new therapies against UV-related skin disease.
PMID: 30481165 [PubMed - in process]
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The miR-199a-3p regulates the radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells via targeting the AK4 gene.
Cancer Cell Int. 2018;18:186
Authors: Zang C, Zhao F, Hua L, Pu Y
Abstract
Background: MiRNAs was recognized as vital regulators involved in cancer development. Radioresistance remains a major obstacle for effective treatment of cancers. The mechanisms on the miRNA-mediated radioresistance of cancers are still poorly understood. The main subject of this study is to find new miRNA biomarker that regulates the radioresistance of esophageal cancer (EC).
Methods: The cumulative dose of radiation assays were used to screen the EC radioresistant cell lines. Wound-healing and invasion assays were used to characterize the properties of these cell lines. The following survival fraction experiments were performed to test the effects of miR-199a-3p and AK4 in the radioresistance of EC. In addition, we used the luciferase reporter assays to identify the putative underlying mechanism that relates to the miR-199a-3p regulated radio-resistance.
Results: We found that the AK4 gene is one of the targets of miR-199a-3p, which promotes the radioresistance of EC cells. The following experiments by force reversal of the miR-199a-3p or AK4 levels confirmed the relationship of miR-199a-3p and AK4 with the radioresistance of EC cells. In addition, the activities of several signaling pathway were drastically altered by the forced changes of the miR-199a-3p level in EC cells.
Conclusion: Taken together, we found that miR-199a-3p can be potentially used as a biomarker for the EC radioresistance. Moreover, these results provides new insights into the mechanism on the radioresistance of EC cells, and also might guide the clinical therapy of EC.
PMID: 30479565 [PubMed]
