Favorable outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma concurrent with Graves' disease after radioactive iodine therapy.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Favorable outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma concurrent with Graves' disease after radioactive iodine therapy. Via radioactive iodine Related Articles Favorable outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma concurrent with Graves' disease after radioactive iodine therapy. Endocr J. 2021 Feb 06;: Authors: Nishihara E, Ito Y, Kudo T, Ito M, Fukata S, Nishikawa M, Akamizu T, Miyauchi A Abstract Graves' disease (GD) may coexist with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The main purpose of this study was to evaluate whether treatment with radioactive iodine (RAI) may cause acute exacerbation of PTMC concurrent with GD or not. From the medical records of 10,257 GD patients who underwent RAI therapy between 2000-2017, 12 subjects with concurrent PTMC were retrieved. Further, 49 patients with concurrent GD and PTMC who underwent no RAI administration throughout their clinical course were enrolled as controls. Size of the PTMC nodules was evaluated based on maximal diameter and tumor volume-doubling rate (TV-DR). Among the 12 subjects who underwent RAI therapy (median dose, 13 mCi), 2 showed tumors >10 mm in maximal diameter with slow growth for more than 10 years, while the other 10 showed tumors with maximal diameter ≤10 mm. No subject showed any clinical findings of nodal or distant metastasis during the follow-up periods (0.4-11.5 years) before surgery or dur ing active surveillance. No significant differences were observed in the TV-DR values (median, 0.044/year; range, -0.81-1.40) between the study subjects and controls (median, 0.025/year; range, -0.70-1.29; p = 0.69). When comparing the TV-DR before and after RAI administration in 3 individuals in particular, in whom PTMC were cytologically confirmed before RAI administration and whose prospective follow-up data were available, tumor progression was observed to be stable or decreased after RAI administration. There were no acute exacerbations or unfavorable outcomes of concurrent PTMC and GD after low-dose RAI administration. PMID: 33551434 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

IGF-1 as selected growth factor multi-response to antidepressant-like substances activity in C57BL/6J mouse testis model.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader IGF-1 as selected growth factor multi-response to antidepressant-like substances activity in C57BL/6J mouse testis model. Via histochem Related Articles IGF-1 as selected growth factor multi-response to antidepressant-like substances activity in C57BL/6J mouse testis model. Acta Histochem. 2021 Feb 05;123(3):151685 Authors: Tabecka-Lonczynska A, Mytych J, Solek P, Kulpa-Greszta M, Jasiewicz P, Sowa-Kucma M, Stachowicz K, Koziorowski M Abstract Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) affects almost all cells in the body. Extremely important functions of this growth factor have been demonstrated in the brain and the reproductive system of both, females and males. Also, it is considered as a pro-inflammatory cytokine adjusting tissue homeostasis. However, it seems to play a special role in the male reproductive system and it may be disturbed by the application of antidepressants with different mechanisms of drug action during therapy. To date, the effect of antidepressant-like substances (ALS) on the course of physiological processes in male testicular cells is poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to determine the presence, localizationof IGF-1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 β receptor) and mRNA gene expression of IGF-1R and IGF-1 after administration of 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-tiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]-pyridine (MTEP) and N-[2-(Cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl]-methanesulfonamide (NS-398) in the different scheme in the testis of mice. Imipramine was used as a reference drug having a documented interaction with the mGluR5 receptors. The immunohistochemical analyses showed the localization of IGF-1R in Sertoli, Leydig, and germinal cells after all used substances. Differences in receptor localization were observed depending on the drugs applied and the type of analyzed cells. In contrast, there was a significant increase in IGF-1 gene expression after IMI + NS-398 and in IGF-1R after MTEP + NS-398 and IMI + NS-398 administration. It can, therefore, be assumed that the use of a combination of NS-398 with some ALS may run different mechanisms of action and affect the regulation of reproductive function in mouse testis through maintaining homeostasis at the molecular and immunological levels related to IGF. PMID: 33556704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

BAY11-7082 inhibits the expression of tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in type-II alveolar epithelial cells following TNF-α stimulation via the NF-κB pathway.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader BAY11-7082 inhibits the expression of tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in type-II alveolar epithelial cells following TNF-α stimulation via the NF-κB pathway. Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Related Articles BAY11-7082 inhibits the expression of tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in type-II alveolar epithelial cells following TNF-α stimulation via the NF-κB pathway. Exp Ther Med. 2021 Feb;21(2):177 Authors: Cheng Y, Liu B, Qian H, Yang H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Shen F Abstract Pulmonary inflammation strongly promotes alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition. NF-κB signaling regulates the expression of molecules associated with coagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in type-II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. However, whether TNF-α-induced alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis inhibition is also associated with the NF-κB pathway remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to determine whether BAY11-7082, an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, inhibits the expressions of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in AECⅡ in response to TNF-α. Rat AECII were treated with BAY11-7082 for 24 h and stimulated with TNF-α for 1 h. The expression of TF and PAI-1 were determined using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The concentrations of TF and PAI-1 in culture supernatant were also measured by ELISA. Moreover, levels of NF-κB p65 (p65) , phosphorylated (p)-p65 (p-p65), inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα) and p-IκBα were also evaluated. Immunofluorescence was used to detect p65 levels in cell nuclei. TNF-α significantly promoted TF and PAI-1 expression either at the mRNA or protein level in AECII cells. Concentrations of TF and PAI-1 in supernatant also significantly increased upon TNF-α stimulation. Furthermore, TNF-α upregulated the levels of p-IκBα, p65, and p-p65 in the cytoplasm. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that TNF-α increased p65 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. However, AECII pre-treated with BAY11-7082 expressed lower levels of TF and PAI-1 following TNF-α treatment. Levels of p-IκBα, p65 and p-p65 in the cytoplasm also decreased, and translocation of p65 from cytoplasm into the nucleus was inhibited by BAY11-7082 pretreatment. These findings suggest that BAY11-7082 improves the hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition induced by TNF-α in alveolar epithelial cells via the NF-κB signaling pathway. BAY11-7082 might represent a therapeutic option for alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in acute respiratory distress syndrome. PMID: 33552241 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Assessing the efficacy of a modified crushing technique for the management of concha bullosa: a cone beam computer tomography study.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessing the efficacy of a modified crushing technique for the management of concha bullosa: a cone beam computer tomography study. Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Related Articles Assessing the efficacy of a modified crushing technique for the management of concha bullosa: a cone beam computer tomography study. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jan 20;: Authors: Mesbahi A, Movahhedian N, Akbarizadeh F, Hakimi AA, Khojastepour L Abstract INTRODUCTION: Although many surgical techniques exist to manage obstructive concha bullosa, there continues to be a drive to find the least invasive technique with the fewest complications and best results. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to describe and assess the short- and long-term efficacy of a modified crushing technique for concha bullosa management. METHODS: Patients who met inclusion criteria underwent a detailed nasal examination and cone beam computed tomography imaging prior to and after septoplasty with crushing surgery for obstructive concha bullosa. Patients were divided into short- and long-term groups based on their followup period such that the short-term group had a mean followup of 15.14 months (range 6-22 months) and the long-term group had a mean followup of 56.66 (range 29-80) months. RESULTS: Twenty-four cases of obstructive concha bullosa were included in this study with 13 short-term and 11 long-term follow-ups. All patients showed a significantly decreased postoperative CB size (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between age and postoperative CB change in area (p = 0.39) and no significant difference in the amount of postoperative CB area reduction between the short-term and long-term groups (p = 0.35). No patients experienced bleeding, synechia, conchal destruction, or olfactory dysfunction on followup evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Our modified crushing technique is a simple, effective, and lasting treatment option for concha bullosa. From our experience, there have been no complications and no instances of concha bullosa reformation during the follow-up period. PMID: 33549509 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Does HPV Subtype Predict Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancers?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Does HPV Subtype Predict Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancers? Via International Journal of Otolaryngology Background. Recently, reanalysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas study demonstrated that human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in head and neck cancers other than HPV-16 have inferior survival to HPV-16-positive tumors. We aimed to examine the association of HPV subtypes and survival in a large cohort of patient samples from our institution. Methods. Fresh frozen primary site biopsy samples were collected either in clinic or at the time of surgery. Patient demographic, staging, and survival data were also collected. Tumors were tested for HPV subtypes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results. 280 patient biopsy samples were collected between 2011 and 2017. Mean ± standard deviati on (SD) age was 61.9 ± 11.1 years and most patients (78%) were male. The majority of cancers were of the oral cavity (60%) or oropharynx (25%) and 30% had HPV-positive disease. Median follow-up was 3.76 years and 96/280 patients (34%) developed recurrences. Patients with p16-positive versus negative disease had significantly improved 5-year overall survival (OS, 77.6% vs. 53.3%; ) and progression-free survival (PFS, 67.3% vs. 41.0%, ). Similarly improved 5-year OS and PFS were observed for patients with HPV-positive versus negative disease (65.0% vs. 55.0%, ; 53.3% vs. 43.2%, , resp.). Patients with HPV-16 compared to other HPV diseases had worse 5-year OS and PFS (62.1% vs. 88.9%, ; 49.0% vs. 88.9%, , resp.). Conclusions. In contrast to the data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas, patients with HPV-16 tumors trended towards decreased PFS and OS compared with tumors driven by other HPV genotypes. Further larger multi-institutional studies are necessary to understand the relat ionship between other HPV genotypes and survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A rare central nervous system tumor of childhood with spongiform appearance on brain magnetic resonance imaging; primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A rare central nervous system tumor of childhood with spongiform appearance on brain magnetic resonance imaging; primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis. Via Sociedad Luso-Española de Neurocirugía Related Articles A rare central nervous system tumor of childhood with spongiform appearance on brain magnetic resonance imaging; primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2021 Feb 04;: Authors: Tekin HG, Karaoğlu P, Bolat E Abstract Primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis is a rare fatal tumor of childhood. Symptoms usually occur when the tumor causes hydrocephalus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be nearly normal in the early stages of the disease, while hydrocephalus and multiple leptomeningeal cysts with spongiform appearance may appear later on. One may consider the diagnosis when radiologic findings become apparent with multiple leptomeningeal cysts. However, failure to recognize the imaging findings due to the rarity of the disease may delay the diagnosis. Here, we report a 3.5-year-old girl who presented with ataxia and vomiting and had a diagnosis of primary diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor with remarkable brain MRI findings as diffuse multiple tiny cystic lesions on the brain and spinal cord. She benefited from radiotherapy and temozolomide treatment with remission of brain MRI findings. Increasing the number of reported cases will enable the elucidation of the disease's pathogenesis and the development of treatment protocols. PMID: 33549480 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

3-Step didactic white matter dissection of human cerebellum: Micro-neuroanatomical training.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader 3-Step didactic white matter dissection of human cerebellum: Micro-neuroanatomical training. Via Sociedad Luso-Española de Neurocirugía Related Articles 3-Step didactic white matter dissection of human cerebellum: Micro-neuroanatomical training. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2021 Feb 03;: Authors: García-Feijoo P, Reghin-Neto M, Holanda V, Rassi MS, Saceda-Gutierrez JM, Carceller-Benito FE, De Oliveira E Abstract OBJECTIVES: A thorough understanding of cerebellum anatomy is essential in 4th ventricle approaches (more frequent in pediatric neurosurgery), avoiding relevant complications such as cerebellar mutism. The aim of the present work is to show the feasibility of a didactic dissection of human cerebellum focusing on cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus (DN), which are structures at high risk during these surgical procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cerebellum was dissected according to the Klingler method for white matter, using standard and specific microsurgery tools. Surgical microscope magnification (x6-x40) provided by a D.F. Vasconcellos M900 was required. A Canon EOS T7 18-55 mm digital camera was used and Adobe Lightroom Classic CC and Keynote were selected as photo enhancing software. Special methods such as LED light endoscopic transillumination were used for photographical reasons. RESULTS: DN dissection was successfully achieved and the relations between these nucleus and the cerebellar peduncles, inferior vermis and medullary velums were described. Through this three steps dissection guide (1. tentorial surface; 2. suboccipital surface; 3. 4th ventricle structures), the most relevant anatomical structures were shown and its implications in different 4th ventricle approaches were characterised. CONCLUSION: 3 D perspective provided by real specimen anatomical dissection is critical for learning neuroanatomy. LED transillumination was shown as a useful technique for the 4th ventricle structures photographic documentation which improves spatial recognition. This benefit can be applied for the study of the relations between the medullary velums and the rhomboid fossa foramina, which are permeable to light. The proposed three-steps dissection guide helps to a better understanding of human cerebellum and to gain self-confidence, allowing safer practice for neurosurgeons in all stages of their career. PMID: 33549481 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy. Via Sociedad Luso-Española de Neurocirugía Related Articles Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2021 Feb 04;: Authors: Moreira-Holguín JC, Barahona-Morán DA, Hidalgo-Esmeraldas J, Guzmán-Rochina C Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) consists of the electrical stimulation of the subcortical structures by implanting electrodes connected to a pulse generator. The thalamus, being a structure that has multiple connections with various parts of the central nervous system, is a suitable target for DBS. The anterior thalamic nucleus (ANT) serves as an important relay site for the limbic system by receiving input from the hippocampus and mammillary bodies, and sending input to the cingulate gyrus; thus forming the Papez circuit. Due to these connections, the ANT constitutes an ideal route for the propagation of epileptogenic activity. ANT-DBS has excellent results in the control of complex partial seizures. The vast majority of patients with ANT-DBS have shown a significant reduction in the frequency of their seizures of more than 50%. PMID: 33551281 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Mucosal Grafting Reduces Recurrence After Endonasal Surgery of Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Mucosal Grafting Reduces Recurrence After Endonasal Surgery of Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is increasingly utilized for management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma (PACG). Surgical goals include drainage and marsupialization of the cyst. Various techniques have been described to try to reduce the rates of recurrence. We studied the effect of mucosal grafting on recurrence. Study Design Retrospective Cohort study. Methods Patients who underwent EEA for PACG at two tertiary care centers between 1999 and 2018 were identified and divided into two cohorts: Mucosal versus no mucosal reconstruction. Surgical approach, reconstructive method, and recurrence were recorded. Primary endpoint was symptomatic or radiographic recurrence. Results Thirty‐four patients were identified undergoing 37 surgeries. Four patients developed recurrences of which three elected to undergo revision. Some form of mucosa was used to line the drainage tract in 20 cases. A free mucosal graft was used in 8, and a small customized nasal septal flap (miniflap) in 12. All four recurrences occurred in cases where no mucosa was used, demonstrating decreased recurrences with mucosal reconstruction (P < .05). There was no difference found between free mucosal grafts and miniflaps. Conclusions Utilization of mucosa to partially line a circumferentially de‐epithelialized drainage pathway after EEA for PACG reduce recurrence rates. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bilateral sessile polyps of vocal cords

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader [Subjective and objective evaluation of the efficacy of different surgical procedures in 48 patients with bilateral sessile polyps of vocal cords]. Via Polyps Related Articles [Subjective and objective evaluation of the efficacy of different surgical procedures in 48 patients with bilateral sessile polyps of vocal cords]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Feb;35(2):160-163 Authors: Liu J, Xiao C, Deng L, Wu X, Wu X, Hu G, Yu L Abstract Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of CO2 laser and CO2 laser combined with microsuture in the treatment of bilateral sessile polyps of vocal cords. Methods:Forty-eight patients with bilateral sessile polyps of vocal cords were randomly divided into CO2 laser group and CO2 laser combined with microsuture group. The surgical effect of each group and the difference between the two groups were evaluated by subjective score and objective voice analysis. Results:One month and three month after operation, Jitter, Shimmer, dysphonia severity index（DSI）, the maximum phonation time（MPT）, the parameters of G and voice handicap index（VHI-10） in the two groups were significantly different from pre-operation（P<0.05）. There were also significant differences in Jitter, Shimmer, DSI and MPT between the two groups one month and three month after operation respectively（P<0.05）. But no significant differences of the parameters of G and VHI-10 was noted between two groups（P>0.05）. The incidence of postoperative vocal cord adhesion was 8.3% and 0 in two groups respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion:The CO2 laser combined with microsuturing technique can effectively improve the voice quality of patients with bilateral wide-based vocal cord polyps, and the effect is better than that of using CO2 laser alone. PMID: 33541000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Electrogustometry: normative data for stimulus duration, tongue site and age decline

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Electrogustometry: normative data for stimulus duration, tongue site and age decline Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives Our primary goal was to evaluate the effect of stimulus‐duration on electrogustometry (EGM) thresholds. Additionally, we sought to evaluate any sex‐related influences and compare the above results to those of taste strips. Design EGM‐ thresholds of various stimulus durations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 s) were measured in 212 non‐smokers (age range: 10 – 80 years, divided into eight age groups) without self‐reported gustatory impairment. Furthermore, taste strips chemogustometry measurements in 132 participants were performed. Setting Tertiary referral medical centre. Participants 212 non‐smokers, divided in eight age‐groups participated in the study. Main outcome measures EGM‐thresholds and taste strips, duration of EGM‐stimuli Results EGM‐thresholds increased progressively with age and with stimulus duration from 0.5 to 2 seconds. This pattern was consistent in all six anatomic areas, irrespective of sex. In contrast, when using chemogustometry, no age‐ or sex‐related differences were observed. Conclusions EGM threshold values increase progressively with age and with stimulus duration. Therefore, we recommend documenting stimulus duration in future EGM recordings as it may significantly affect EGM amplitude threshold values. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.