Medicine by Sfakianakis G. Alexandros: 12/12/18

Wednesday, December 12, 2018

Fixed drug eruption related to sunitinib: a case report.

Fixed drug eruption related to sunitinib: a case report.

Dermatol Online J. 2018 Jun 15;24(6):

Authors: Bhatia A, Jha N, Kanish B

Abstract
Sunitinib is an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It has been approved for the treatment of gastro-intestinal stromal tumor and advanced renal cell carcinoma. Fixed drug eruption related to sunitinib is a rare cutaneous adverse drug reaction.

PMID: 30142719 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Cortical mastoidectomy with posterior atticotomy as surgical treatment in cases of acute mastoiditis in children.

Cortical mastoidectomy with posterior atticotomy as surgical treatment in cases of acute mastoiditis in children.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Oct 22;:

Authors: Zielinski R

PMID: 30528128 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Novel Application of 32P Brachytherapy: Treatment of Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia in the Right Auricle with 8-Year Follow-Up.

Novel Application of 32P Brachytherapy: Treatment of Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia in the Right Auricle with 8-Year Follow-Up.

Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2018 Sep;33(7):282-284

Authors: Zhang J, Li Y, Wen G, Deng Y, Yao H

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a distinctive benign vascular disease that can be challenging to treat due to inconsistent results for various treatment modalities such as surgical excision, corticosteroids, radiotherapy, laser therapy, and other therapies, so novel approaches are needed to improve treatment outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: ALHE on the right auricle of a 54-year-old Chinese woman underwent brachytherapy using 32P simple drug membranes for five times. The 32P brachytherapy involving simple drug membranes of brachytherapy began by diluting a 32P solution with 0.9% NaCl solution to produce a radioactivity of 69.2-74.7 MBq/mL(1.87-2.02 mCi/mL). The drug membranes were removed between 48 and 72h after application. There were intervals ranging from 65 to 72d between the membrane application periods, and the last treatment was in June 2010.
RESULTS: After the 32P brachytherapy, follow-up results over the course of 8 years were promising. The regional symptoms disappeared, the right preauricular swelling decreased, the subcutaneous nodules decreased in size, the exudate disappeared, and the skin appearance improved.
CONCLUSIONS: This case indicated that 32P brachytherapy may represent a novel ALHE treatment method that produces a favorable long-term outcome.

PMID: 29957026 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Cortical mastoidectomy with posterior atticotomy as surgical treatment in cases of acute mastoiditis in children.

Cortical mastoidectomy with posterior atticotomy as surgical treatment in cases of acute mastoiditis in children.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Oct 22;:

Authors: Zielinski R

PMID: 30528128 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies Including Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies Including Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018 Dec 09;:

Authors: Nagano T, Tachihara M, Nishimura Y

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Molecular targeted therapy has greatly advanced the field of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for the majority of lung cancers. Indeed, gefitinib, which was the first molecular targeted therapeutic agent, has actually doubled the survival time of NSCLC patients. Vigorous efforts of clinicians and researchers have revealed that lung cancer develops through the activating mutations of many driver genes including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), and rearranged during transfection (RET) genes. Although ALK, ROS1, and RET are rare genetic abnormalities, corresponding tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can exert dramatic therapeutic effects. In addition to anticancer drugs targeting driver genes, bevacizumab specifically binds to human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and blocks the VEGF signaling pathway. The VEGF signal blockade suppresses angiogenesis in tumor tissues and inhibits tumor growth. In this review, we also explore immunotherapy, which is a promising new NSCLC treatment approach. In general, antitumor immune responses are suppressed in cancer patients, and cancer cells escape from the immune surveillance mechanism. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target the primary escape mechanisms, immune checkpoints. Patients who respond to ICIs are reported to experience long-lasting therapeutic effects. A wide range of clinical approaches, including combination therapy involving chemotherapy or radiation plus adjuvant therapy, are being developed.

PMID: 30526458 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Successful hearing improvement with direct acoustic stimulation in a patient with schizophrenia.

Successful hearing improvement with direct acoustic stimulation in a patient with schizophrenia.

J Laryngol Otol. 2018 Oct;132(10):946-948

Authors: Rebol J, Kravos M, Ložar M

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A direct acoustic cochlear implant provides its power directly to the inner ear by vibrating the perilymph via a conventional stapes prosthesis. Our experience with a patient with severe mixed hearing loss due to otosclerosis is described.Case reportThe patient, a 47-year-old male, had a pre-operative speech recognition score of 10 per cent and had been treated for many years for schizophrenia, both of which made him a poor candidate for a direct acoustic stimulation device. Nevertheless, the surgery was performed, which preserved the pre-operative bone conduction level and significantly improved hearing. His speech recognition score rose to 100 per cent. He uses the device all day and his auditory hallucinations have subsided. Improvement of schizophrenia symptoms has enabled the patient to reduce his psychiatric medications intake.
CONCLUSION: Hearing restoration was the main reason for the reduction of auditory hallucinations in our patient. Hearing loss is a potentially reversible risk factor for psychosis, but this association is often overlooked.

PMID: 30261939 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The impact of the tax on sweetened beverages: a systematic review.

Icon for Silverchair Information Systems

The impact of the tax on sweetened beverages: a systematic review.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Sep 01;108(3):548-563

Authors: Redondo M, Hernández-Aguado I, Lumbreras B

Abstract
Background: Obesity has a serious impact on public health. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are implicated in the obesity epidemic. Regulation has been suggested as one approach to limit consumption.
Objective: The aim of this study was to synthesize existing evidence related to the impact of taxes on the consumption, purchase, or sales of SSBs.
Design: A systematic review was conducted by using MEDLINE through PubMed (https://ift.tt/1cTZOuj), the Cochrane Library (https://ift.tt/1zmthHO), the Web of Science (https://ift.tt/2uMWkWK), and Scopus (https://ift.tt/2rAeV8m) in the period 2011-2017 for studies that analyzed the impact of fiscal regulatory measures on the consumption, purchase, or sales of SSBs. The quality of evidence was assessed according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) and the TREND (Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomized Designs) statements.
Results: Of the 17 studies, 5 (29.4%) evaluated the impact of a tax on SSBs in naturalistic experiments by county or city in the United States and in Mexico. Findings indicated that purchases or sales of SSBs decreased significantly with taxation amounts of 8% (Berkeley, CA) and 10% (Mexico). One study found no effect on sales of SSBs in 2 states that enacted a 5.5% tax on sodas. Twelve (70.6%) studies were based on virtual or experimental conditions evaluating either purchasing behavior or sales (6 studies; 50.0%) or behavioral intent (6 studies; 50.0%), resulting in a decrease in either purchasing behavior or sales or intent behavior with heterogeneity according to the tax rate.
Conclusions: Taxation significantly influences planned purchases and increases the probability of the purchase of healthy beverages. SSB taxes have the potential to reduce calorie and sugar intake, but further research is needed to evaluate effects on diet quality.

PMID: 30535085 [PubMed - in process]

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"Rev Med Chil"[jour]; +41 new citations

41 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Rev Med Chil"[jour]

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PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.

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"Oncol Rep"[jour]; +28 new citations

28 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Oncol Rep"[jour]

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Predicting Motor Sequence Learning in People With Parkinson Disease.

Predicting Motor Sequence Learning in People With Parkinson Disease.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):33-41

Authors: Olivier GN, Paul SS, Lohse KR, Walter CS, Schaefer SY, Dibble LE

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Skill acquisition (ie, performance changes during practice) occurs in a nonlinear fashion. Despite this, motor learning is typically measured by comparing discrete timepoints. Thus, typical measures of motor learning do not detect skill acquisition characteristics that may be clinically meaningful. Reliable prediction of motor skill learning in people with Parkinson disease (PD) would allow therapists to more effectively individualize practice doses to fit specific patients' needs. The purposes of this study were to (a) characterize postural skill acquisition in people with PD, and identify factors (such as acquisition rate and practice dose to plateau) that predict learning, and (b) investigate whether levodopa medication (L-dopa) status during practice impacted learning.
METHODS: Twenty-seven adults with PD practiced a postural motor task over 3 days, followed by 2 retention tests. Participants were randomized to practice either ON or OFF L-dopa. Data for repeating and random sequences were each analyzed using nonlinear curve-fitting and mixed-effects regressions. Learning was defined as pretest minus retention test performance.
RESULTS: Participants with less physical impairment demonstrated less learning on the repeating and random sequence tasks compared with participants with more impairment. Participants who improved faster during practice demonstrated less learning on the repeating sequence task compared with participants who improved more slowly. Reaching plateau during practice was not related to learning. L-dopa did not impair learning.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Participants' skill acquisition characteristics were related to learning a postural motor task. Patient-specific factors, such as the rate of skill acquisition, level of physical function, and medication status, may influence how postural motor practice is delivered during balance rehabilitation.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: https://ift.tt/2Egg3pe).

PMID: 30531384 [PubMed - in process]

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Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy CSM 2019 Programming.

Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy CSM 2019 Programming.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):65-66

Authors:

PMID: 30531388 [PubMed - in process]

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Call for Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy Leadership Nominations.

Call for Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy Leadership Nominations.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):82

Authors:

PMID: 30531391 [PubMed - in process]

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Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy 2019 Combined Sections Meeting Platform Presentations: Platform presentations are grouped by content Searchable Platform Abstracts are published on-line in PDF format at www.JNPT.org.

Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy 2019 Combined Sections Meeting Platform Presentations: Platform presentations are grouped by content Searchable Platform Abstracts are published on-line in PDF format at www.JNPT.org.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):67-68

Authors:

PMID: 30531389 [PubMed - in process]

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Auditory Cueing for Gait Impairment in Persons With Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study of Changes in Response With Disease Progression.

Auditory Cueing for Gait Impairment in Persons With Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study of Changes in Response With Disease Progression.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):50-55

Authors: Lirani-Silva E, Lord S, Moat D, Rochester L, Morris R

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gait impairments in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) are difficult to manage. Auditory cueing has been shown to be an effective therapy. However, the optimal time to introduce cues with respect to disease stage has not yet been established. This longitudinal study examines the effect of auditory cues on gait characteristics in people with early PD at 2 time points, 3 years apart.
METHODS: We assessed 25 people with PD from the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Cohorts with Longitudinal Evaluation-Parkinson's disease (ICICLE-PD) study. Participants walked with and without an auditory cue set at individual cadence. Characteristics of step velocity, step length, step time, step length variability, and step time variability were collected using an instrumented walkway. In a subset of 9 participants with PD, all assessments were repeated 3 years later. Twenty-nine healthy older adults were assessed at 1 time point to provide comparison data.
RESULTS: At baseline, independent of group, step velocity, step length, and step time improved with auditory cue; however, there was an increase in step time variability, indicating a worsening of gait with the cue. Three years later, in the smaller subset the response to cue was improved, demonstrated by increased step velocity and length but step time variability was no longer increased.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicates that people with early PD have small benefits from auditory cues and the benefit increases as disease progresses. Early in disease the benefit of cue may come at the cost of increased variability. Therefore, the time to introduce an auditory cue in PD rehabilitation may be important to optimize therapeutic effect.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: https://ift.tt/2Efryxg).

PMID: 30531386 [PubMed - in process]

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Exercise and Parkinson Disease: Comparing Tango, Treadmill, and Stretching.

Exercise and Parkinson Disease: Comparing Tango, Treadmill, and Stretching.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):26-32

Authors: Rawson KS, McNeely ME, Duncan RP, Pickett KA, Perlmutter JS, Earhart GM

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Impaired gait, balance, and motor function are common in Parkinson disease (PD) and may lead to falls and injuries. Different forms of exercise improve motor function in persons with PD, but determining which form of exercise is most effective requires a direct comparison of various approaches. In this prospective, controlled trial, we evaluated the impact of tango, treadmill walking, and stretching on gait, balance, motor function, and quality of life. We hypothesized tango and treadmill would improve forward walking and motor symptom severity, and tango would also improve backward walking, balance, and quality of life.
METHODS: Ninety-six participants (age: 67.2 ± 8.9 years, 42% female) with mild to moderate idiopathic PD were serially assigned to tango, treadmill walking, or stretching (active control group) and attended 1-hour classes twice weekly for 12 weeks. Assessments occurred OFF anti-PD medication before and after the intervention and at follow-up 12 weeks after the intervention.
RESULTS: Forward velocity and backward velocity improved for the treadmill group from baseline to posttest and improvements persisted at follow-up. Backward velocity and motor functioning improved for the stretching group from baseline to posttest, but results did not persist at follow-up. There were no significant changes in the tango group across time points.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to our hypotheses, only treadmill improved forward walking, while backward walking improved with treadmill and stretching. Future research should examine combinations of exercises with a focus on optimizing dosing and examining whether specific characteristics of people with PD correlate with different types of exercise.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: https://ift.tt/2Egg0ty).

PMID: 30531383 [PubMed - in process]

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Determinants of Dual-Task Training Effect Size in Parkinson Disease: Who Will Benefit Most?

Determinants of Dual-Task Training Effect Size in Parkinson Disease: Who Will Benefit Most?

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):3-11

Authors: Strouwen C, Molenaar EALM, Münks L, Broeder S, Ginis P, Bloem BR, Nieuwboer A, Heremans E

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dual-task interventions show positive effects in people with Parkinson disease (PD), but it remains unclear which factors determine the size of these benefits. As a secondary analysis of the DUALITY trial, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of the effect size after 2 types of dual-task practice.
METHODS: We randomly allocated 121 participants with PD to receive either integrated or consecutive dual-task training. Dual-task walking performance was assessed during (i) a backward digit span task (digit), (ii) an auditory Stroop task (Stroop), and (iii) a functional mobile phone task. Baseline descriptive, motor, and cognitive variables were correlated with the change in dual-task gait velocity after the intervention. Factors correlated with the change in dual-task gait velocity postintervention (P < 0.20) were entered into a stepwise forward multiple linear regression model.
RESULTS: Lower dual-task gait velocity and higher cognitive capacity (Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Cognition [ScopaCog]) at baseline were related to larger improvements in dual-task gait velocity after both integrated and consecutive dual-task training for all 3 tasks (β[gait] = -0.45, β[ScopaCog] = 0.34, R = 0.23, P < 0.001, for digit; β[gait] = -0.52, β[ScopaCog] = 0.29, R = 0.26, P < 0.001, for Stroop; and β[gait] = -0.40, β[ScopaCog] = 0.30, R = 0.18, P < 0.001, for mobile phone task).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Participants with PD who showed a slow dual-task gait velocity and good cognitive functioning at baseline benefited most from the dual-task training, irrespective of the type of training and type of dual-task outcome.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: https://ift.tt/2EirtJe).

PMID: 30531381 [PubMed - in process]

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Moving Beyond Effectiveness.

Moving Beyond Effectiveness.

J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Jan;43(1):1-2

Authors: Ellis TD, Dibble LE, Peterson DS

PMID: 30531380 [PubMed - in process]

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Development of a simplified Cold Intolerance Symptom Severity questionnaire in patients with peripheral nerve injury.

Development of a simplified Cold Intolerance Symptom Severity questionnaire in patients with peripheral nerve injury.

Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Dec 10;:

Authors: Franchignoni F, Magistroni E, Parodi G, Giuseppe M, Ferriero G, Giordano A

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the Cold Intolerance Symptom Severity (CISS) questionnaire in its Italian validated version, using Rasch analysis, to gain insights for a possible refinement of the questionnaire. The CISS was administered to a convenience sample of 96 consecutively recruited outpatients with upper limb peripheral nerve injury. Data were analysed using Rasch analysis. According to rating scale diagnostics, response options of items 3 and 5 did not comply with the pre-set criteria for an optimal category functioning. After collapsing the malfunctioning categories, all items fitted the measured construct. Principal component analysis of standardized residuals showed local dependence between two items (one of them was considered redundant and deleted); after this deletion, unidimensionality of the 12-item questionnaire (CISS-12) was achieved. The reliability indices of CISS-12 were high (>0.85). Some clearer item wording was introduced in response to comments from an expert panel and patient feedback. Overall, Rasch analysis provided the rationale for improving the measurement qualities of the questionnaire, refining its rating scales, identifying those items most useful for measuring the intended construct and confirming the high reliability of its person-ability and item-difficulty estimates. In conclusion, the new simplified CISS-12 presents robust psychometric properties for measuring cold intolerance in patients with upper limb peripheral nerve injury and represents a solid basis for clinical studies aimed at a precise (interval level) measurement of cold-induced symptoms in these patients.

PMID: 30531339 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Relationship between body image and physical functioning following rehabilitation for lower-limb amputation.

Relationship between body image and physical functioning following rehabilitation for lower-limb amputation.

Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Dec 10;:

Authors: Desrochers J, Frengopoulos C, Payne MWC, Viana R, Hunter SW

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate change in body image and the association between body image at discharge and mobility 4 months after rehabilitation. A prospective cohort comprising adults older than or equal to 50 years of age undergoing rehabilitation for first major lower-limb amputation at an inpatient prosthetic rehabilitation program were assessed at discharge and 4 months after rehabilitation. Paired t-tests compared total Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS), gait velocity, and L-test scores between discharge (T1) and 4 months (T2). Multivariable linear regression assessed relationship between ABIS scores and mobility. Nineteen participants completed assessments (mean±SD age=60.86±6.85 years; 63.20% male patients). Body image changed from T1 (43.58±7.83) to T2 (48.26±12.21), but was not statistically significant (P=0.063). Mobility significantly improved at T2. ABIS scores at T1 were not associated with mobility at T2. Mobility improved after discharge but was not related to body image at T1. Additional research on the impact of body image perception on patient outcomes after rehabilitation is needed.

PMID: 30531338 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Postural control skills, proprioception, and risk of fall in long-term survivor patients treated with knee rotationplasty.

Postural control skills, proprioception, and risk of fall in long-term survivor patients treated with knee rotationplasty.

Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Dec 10;:

Authors: Benedetti MG, Coli M, Campanacci L, Manfrini M

Abstract
Knee A1 rotationplasty is a particular type of limb salvage surgery alternative to hip disarticulation and high transfemoral amputation for skeletally immature children with bone cancers in the distal femur. Notwithstanding optimal functional outcomes, long-term survivor patients often report frequent falls, and a sense of instability during gait, particularly on uneven terrain. This study aimed to assess the postural control, the proprioception, and the risk of fall in these patients, which have not been explored before. Eighteen long-term survivor patients participated in the study. The mean follow-up from surgery was 23 years, mean age 32 years. Patients were assessed using a specific instrumental device (Delos Postural Proprioceptive System) both for the static double-stance and the single-stance test in the open eyes and closed eyes conditions. The double-stance test showed postural instability values within the normal range for healthy individuals, whereas in the single-stance test stability index, when assessed in the average of both lower limbs, values were lower than the literature findings for older individuals. However, when separating the operated from the nonoperated limb performance, standing on the operated limb was very unstable, with a low stability index and a low degree of autonomy, indicating a certain risk of falling, whereas standing on the nonoperated limb had a performance close to normal or even superior. In conclusion, knee rotationplasty patients had very good postural control when standing on both limbs, whereas single stance on the operated limb was compromised, with particular involvement of the proprioceptive component. This may determine a higher risk of falling than their normal-age counterparts and rehabilitation intervention for prevention is indicated.

PMID: 30531337 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Predictors of bone health in a community sample of mid-life adult women - The effects of disordered eating, a past history of anorexia nervosa and lowest ever BMI.

Predictors of bone health in a community sample of mid-life adult women - The effects of disordered eating, a past history of anorexia nervosa and lowest ever BMI.

J Psychosom Res. 2018 Dec 04;:

Authors: Golden NH

PMID: 30528072 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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"Oral Oncol"[jour]; +29 new citations

29 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Oral Oncol"[jour]

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Gene Expression Profiles of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Endothelin-1 in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Icon for S. Karger AG, Basel, Switzerland

Gene Expression Profiles of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Endothelin-1 in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2018 Dec 11;81(1):16-23

Authors: Ugur KS, Acar M, Ozol D, Dagli E, Oznur M, Kosus A, Gunduz M

Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to observe the relationship between the gene expression profiles of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and endothelin (EDN)-1 and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional study performed at a tertiary-care academic center; 108 patients with snoring and day-time sleeplessness were included in this study carried out in the Otolaryngology Department. All patients were evaluated with 1-night polysomnography (PSG). There were 63 patients with OSA and 45 patients without OSA. In the OSA group, the median apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was 29.1; in the non-OSA group, the median AHI was 2.1. Blood samples were obtained from all 108 patients for the genetic analysis of the expression of TNF-α and EDN-1. PSG findings and gene expression levels were evaluated in both groups.
RESULTS: The median (range) age was 46 (20-81) years, BMI 24.9 (15-49), EDN-1 gene expression 0.45 (0.02-67.88) pg/µL, and TNF-α gene expression 1.71 (0.08-59.52) pg/µL. We found that EDN-1 and TNF-α gene expression levels were significantly higher in the OSA group than in the control group (p = 0.009 vs. p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: EDN-1 and TNF-α gene expression levels were associated with the occurrence of OSA.

PMID: 30537754 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) for Bilateral Eagle Syndrome.

Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) for Bilateral Eagle Syndrome.

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2018 Dec 11;81(1):36-40

Authors: Montevecchi F, Caranti A, Cammaroto G, Meccariello G, Vicini C

Abstract
Eagle syndrome is a rare and poorly understood clinical condition caused by an elongated or disfigured styloid process. The possible managements of Eagle syndrome include conservative medical treatment or surgical intervention. The surgical removal of the elongated styloid process may be efficiently achieved either by an intraoral or a transcervical approach. An effective styloidectomy may be either total or partial, provided the bony residue's length is within the range of normality. Here, we report our experience with a bilateral robotic-assisted styloidectomy in a young female patient. Our experience showed that this procedure is a safe alternative to traditional surgical approaches, granting an excellent view and a safe manipulation by robotic arms, and, thereby, avoiding iatrogenic damage to neurovascular structures. Moreover, transoral robotic surgery could represent the gold standard for the treatment of bilateral Eagle syndrome cases allowing a quick and safe single-time surgery.

PMID: 30537726 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Buccal Fat Pad: Report of 24 Cases and Literature Review of 1,635 Cases of Oral Defect Reconstruction.

Buccal Fat Pad: Report of 24 Cases and Literature Review of 1,635 Cases of Oral Defect Reconstruction.

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2018 Dec 11;81(1):24-35

Authors: Mannelli G, Arcuri F, Comini LV, Valente D, Spinelli G

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The buccal fat pad (BFP) has been progressively introduced into clinical practice for oral defect reconstruction. This study describes our experience with this technique and compares indications in the literature and outcomes.
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 24 patients presenting oral surgical defects and treated between January 2012 and January 2015 at our institution. They all were eligible for BFP defect reconstruction. A comprehensive literature review was performed from 1977 onwards and surgical indications and results were compared.
RESULTS: All 24 BFP procedures showed excellent recovery and uneventful follow-up. Literature review confirmed a global success rate of 96.2% for a reported number of 1,635 patients with multiple surgical indications. BFP showed very low morbidity and failure rates in accordance with the outcomes reported in the literature, and the high patient compliance together with the easy harvesting of this surgical technique make it a good reconstructive option in cases of small-to-medium size oral defects in patients with a high rate of comorbidities or as salvage/second option.
CONCLUSION: The BFP is worthy of consideration for the reconstruction of selected mouth defects, due to its easy mobilization, excellent blood supply, and minimal donor-site morbidity, where shape and size represent its main limitations, and a defect's location influences its pliability.

PMID: 30537718 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Kontaktgranulom.

Kontaktgranulom.

Laryngorhinootologie. 2017 06;96(6):352-353

Authors:

PMID: 28697512 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The Value of Unilateral CIs, CI-CROS and Bilateral CIs, with and without Beamformer Microphones, for Speech Understanding in a Simulation of a Restaurant Environment.

The Value of Unilateral CIs, CI-CROS and Bilateral CIs, with and without Beamformer Microphones, for Speech Understanding in a Simulation of a Restaurant Environment.

Audiol Neurootol. 2018 Dec 11;23(5):270-276

Authors: Dorman MF, Cook Natale S, Agrawal S

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our primary aim was to determine, in a simulation of a crowded restaurant, the value to speech understanding of (i) a unilateral cochlear implant (CI), (ii) a CI plus CROS (contralateral routing of signals) aid system and (iii) bilateral CIs when tested with and without beamforming microphones.
DESIGN: The listeners were 7 CI listeners who had used bilateral CIs for an average of 9 years. The listeners were tested with three device configurations (bilateral CI, unilateral CI + CROS, and unilateral CI), two signal processing conditions (without and with beamformers) and with speech either from +90°, -90°, or from the front. Speech understanding scores for the TIMIT sentences were obtained in the 8-loudspeaker R-SPACETM test environment - an environment which simulates listening in a crowded restaurant.
RESULTS: In the unilateral condition, speech understanding, relative to speech directed to the CI ear, fell by 17% when speech was from the front and fell 28% when speech was to the side opposite the CI. These deficits were overcome with both CI-CROS and bilateral CIs, and scores for the two devices did not differ significantly for any location of speech input. Beamformer microphones improved speech understanding for speech from the front and depressed speech understanding for speech from the sides for all device configurations. Patients with bilateral CIs and beamformers achieved slightly, but significantly, higher scores for speech from the front than patients with CI-CROS and beamformers.
CONCLUSIONS: CI-CROS is a valuable addition to the hardware options available to patients fit with a single CI. For patients fit with bilateral CIs, bilateral beamformers are a valuable addition in the condition of speech coming from in front of the listener. The small differences in performance in the CI-CROS and bilateral CI conditions suggest that patient preference for bilateral CIs is based largely on factors other than speech understanding in noise.

PMID: 30537753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The Efficacy of Concurrent or Sequential Intravenous and Intratympanic Steroid for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

The Efficacy of Concurrent or Sequential Intravenous and Intratympanic Steroid for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Audiol Neurootol. 2018 Dec 11;23(5):277-284

Authors: Chu CH, Chiou SR, Wang MC, Shiao AS, Tu TY, Lin LY, Huang CY, Liao WH

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the difference in treatment outcomes for patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) undergoing concurrent or sequential intravenous (IV) and intratympanic (IT) steroid therapies.
METHODS: Patients with idiopathic SSNHL admitted to Taipei Veterans Hospital from August 2011 to August 2012 were enrolled. Patients were treated with both IV dexamethasone 5 mg b.i.d. for 5 days, then tapered over 6 days, and IT injections of dexamethasone 5 mg daily. The administration of IV and IT steroids was given either concurrently or sequentially (IV steroid was administered from days 1-5 followed by IT steroid treatment starting on day 4 or day 5). The hearing outcomes of the concurrent and sequential groups were analyzed.
RESULTS: Overall, after ≥2 months following treatment, across frequencies ranging from 250 to 8,000 Hz and pure-tone average (PTA) assessments, hearing improvements were similar between treatment groups, except at the frequencies of 4,000 and 8,000 Hz where the concurrent treatment group had greater hearing gain than the sequential group (4,000 Hz: 30.68 ± 28.96 vs. 14.52 ± 24.06 dB, respectively, p = 0.042; 8,000 Hz: 22.62 ± 23.59 vs. 7.67 ± 21 dB, p = 0.030). Across frequencies and PTA assessments, a similar percentage of patients had ≥20-dB gains in hearing compared with patients treated sequentially, except at 8,000 Hz where a greater percentage of patients in the concurrent group (57.1%) than the sequential group (23.3%) (p = 0.014) had ≥20-dB hearing gains.
CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that both concurrent and sequential treatment improve hearing in patients with idiopathic SSNHL, and that concurrent treatment may show greater benefit than sequential therapy, particularly at high frequencies.

PMID: 30537751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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"Oral Oncol"[jour]; +29 new citations

29 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Oral Oncol"[jour]

These pubmed results were generated on 2018/12/12

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Comparison of Pure-Tone Average Methods for Estimation of Hearing Loss Caused by Environmental Exposure to Lead and Cadmium: Does the Pure-Tone Average Method Which Uses Low-Frequency Ranges Underestimate the Actual Hearing Loss Caused by Environmental Lead and Cadmium Exposure?

Comparison of Pure-Tone Average Methods for Estimation of Hearing Loss Caused by Environmental Exposure to Lead and Cadmium: Does the Pure-Tone Average Method Which Uses Low-Frequency Ranges Underestimate the Actual Hearing Loss Caused by Environmental Lead and Cadmium Exposure?

Audiol Neurootol. 2018 Dec 11;23(5):259-269

Authors: Huh DA, Choi YH, Ji MS, Moon KW, Yoon SJ, Sohn JR

Abstract
Previous studies have reported that exposure to lead and cadmium can damage the inner ear receptor, which perceives high-frequency sounds. However, few studies have used the pure-tone average (PTA), including high-frequency ranges, for the estimation of hearing loss caused by lead and cadmium exposure. We estimated hearing loss using the PTA test, in low-frequency, speech frequency, and high-frequency ranges and compared the differences in the results using 3 PTA calculation methods. We analyzed the data of 2,387 participants, between the ages of 19 and 85 years, that were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) of 2010-2012. A dose-response relationship between hearing loss and heavy metal exposure was observed in the high-frequency method after adjustment for confounding factors. When using the high-frequency PTA, it was found that doubling of the levels of lead and cadmium in the blood was associated with a 1.88- (95% CI 1.11-3.17) and 1.89-fold (95% CI 1.02-3.50) increase in the OR for hearing loss. In the case of the low-frequency and speech frequency PTA, however, there were no significant relationships between hearing loss and the concentrations of lead and cadmium in the blood. The outcomes of the present study suggest that the estimation of hearing loss caused by environmental exposure to lead and cadmium is affected by the frequencies used in the PTA calculation.

PMID: 30537721 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Progression of Hearing Loss in the Aging Population: Repeated Auditory Measurements in the Rotterdam Study.

Progression of Hearing Loss in the Aging Population: Repeated Auditory Measurements in the Rotterdam Study.

Audiol Neurootol. 2018 Dec 11;23(5):290-297

Authors: Rigters SC, van der Schroeff MP, Papageorgiou G, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, Goedegebure A

Abstract
We quantified changes in the auditory acuity of 675 aging adults (mean age 71.1 years, 52.0% female, mean follow-up 4.4 years ± 0.2) of an ongoing cohort study with a pure-tone audiogram and a speech-in-noise test. Generalized estimating equation models were used to study the association between hearing loss and the progression with age, sex, education, cognition, BMI, blood pressure, having type 2 diabetes mellitus, cholesterol ratio, smoking and alcohol consumption. The mean progression of hearing loss was 0.29 and 1.35 dB/year (low and high frequencies). Progression of hearing loss was associated with baseline hearing thresholds. Besides, the presence of type 2 diabetes, smoking, age, sex and time were associated with worse hearing at baseline, but there was no statistical evidence that the tested determinants were associated with progression of hearing loss. This finding indicates that the 4-year progression of hearing loss in older adults in this study is not influenced by the measured determinants. More research with multiple follow-up rounds is desired.

PMID: 30537711 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Viewing Target Distance Influences the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Gain when Assessed Using the Video Head Impulse Test.

Viewing Target Distance Influences the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Gain when Assessed Using the Video Head Impulse Test.

Audiol Neurootol. 2018 Dec 11;23(5):285-289

Authors: Castro P, Sena Esteves S, Lerchundi F, Buckwell D, Gresty MA, Bronstein AM, Arshad Q

Abstract
Gaze stabilization during head movements is provided by the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Clinical assessment of this reflex is performed using the video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). To date, the influence of different fixation distances on VOR gain using the vHIT has not been explored. We assessed the effect of target proximity on the horizontal VOR using the vHIT. Firstly, we assessed the VOR gain in 18 healthy subjects with 5 viewing target distances (150, 40, 30, 20, and 10 cm). The gain increased significantly as the viewing target distance decreased. A second experiment on 10 subjects was performed in darkness whilst the subjects were imagining targets at different distances. There were significant inverse relationships between gain and distance for both the real and the imaginary targets. There was a statistically significant difference between light and dark gains for the 20- and 40-cm distances, but not for the 150-cm distance. Theoretical VOR gains for different target distances were calculated and compared with those found in light and darkness. The increase in gain observed for near targets was lower than predicted by geometrical calculations, implying a physiological ceiling effect on the VOR. The VOR gain in the dark, as assessed with the vHIT, demonstrates an enhancement associated with a reduced target distance.

PMID: 30537706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Ernest Hodgson (1932-2018).

Ernest Hodgson (1932-2018).

Int J Toxicol. 2018 Nov/Dec;37(6):420-421

Authors:

PMID: 30526174 [PubMed - in process]

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A review on the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer.

A review on the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer.

Transl Res. 2018 Nov 24;:

Authors: McAllister MJ, Underwood MA, Leung HY, Edwards J

Abstract
Prostate cancer growth is controlled by androgen receptor signaling via both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent pathways. Furthermore, the prostate is an immune competent organ with inflammatory changes both within the systemic and local environment contributing to the reprogramming of the prostatic epithelium with consistently elevated lymphocyte infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines being found in prostate cancer. The crosstalk between the tumor microenvironment and androgen receptor signaling is complex with both protumorigenic and antitumorigenic roles observed. However, despite an increase in immune checkpoint inhibitors and inflammatory signaling blockades available for a range of cancer types, we are yet to see substantial progress in the treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the tumor microenvironment and its impact on androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer.

PMID: 30528321 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The contribution and perspectives of proteomics to uncover ovarian cancer tumor markers.

The contribution and perspectives of proteomics to uncover ovarian cancer tumor markers.

Transl Res. 2018 Nov 20;:

Authors: de Carvalho VP, Grassi ML, Palma CS, Carrara HHA, Faça VM, Candido Dos Reis FJ, Poersch A

Abstract
Despite all the advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in ovarian cancer (OC) development, many aspects still need to be unraveled and understood. Tumor markers (TMs) are of special interest in this disease. Some aspects of clinical management of OC might be improved by the use of validated TMs, such as differentiating subtypes, defining the most appropriate treatment, monitoring the course of the disease, or predicting clinical outcome. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a few TMs for OC: CA125 (cancer antigen 125; monitoring), HE4 (Human epididymis protein; monitoring), ROMA (Risk Of Malignancy Algorithm; HE4+CA125; prediction of malignancy) and OVA1 (Vermillion's first-generation Multivariate Index Assay [MIA]; prediction of malignancy). Proteomics can help advance the research in the field of TMs for OC. A variety of biological materials are being used in proteomic analysis, among them tumor tissues, interstitial fluids, tumor fluids, ascites, plasma, and ovarian cancer cell lines. However, the discovery and validation of new TMs for OC is still very challenging. The enormous heterogeneity of histological types of samples and the individual variability of patients (lifestyle, comorbidities, drug use, and family history) are difficult to overcome in research protocols. In this work, we sought to gather relevant information regarding TMs, OC, biological samples for proteomic analysis, as well as markers and algorithms approved by the FDA for use in clinical routine.

PMID: 30529050 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Unbiased glycomics: a powerful tool in rare disease diagnosis and research.

Unbiased glycomics: a powerful tool in rare disease diagnosis and research.

Transl Res. 2018 Nov 24;:

Authors: Niknejad N, Jafar-Nejad H

PMID: 30528322 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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"Oncol Rep"[jour]; +28 new citations

28 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:

"Oncol Rep"[jour]

These pubmed results were generated on 2018/12/12

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Comparison of microbiota and allergen profile in house dust from homes of allergic and non-allergic subjects- results from the GUSTO study.

Comparison of microbiota and allergen profile in house dust from homes of allergic and non-allergic subjects- results from the GUSTO study.

World Allergy Organ J. 2018;11(1):37

Authors: Loo EXL, Chew LJM, Zulkifli AB, Ta LDH, Kuo IC, Goh A, Teoh OH, Van Bever H, Gluckman PD, Yap F, Tan KH, Chong YS, Lee BW, Shek LP

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and food allergy, has been increasing worldwide, as shown in a large number of studies, including the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). However, there is significant variation in the prevalence of these diseases in different regions, suggesting that there may be location-specific factors such as environment and microbial exposure affecting allergic disease prevalence. Hence, in this study we determine if there is a difference in microbiota composition and allergen concentration of household dust collected from the homes of non-allergic and allergic subjects from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort.
Methods: From the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, 25 allergic subjects and 25 non-allergic subjects were selected at the year 5.5 follow up. Definitions of allergic outcomes were standardized in the questionnaires administered at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months to ensure consistency during interviews and home visits. Allergen sensitization was determined by skin prick testing (SPT) at 18, 36 and 60 months. Dust samples were collected from the subject's bed, sofa, and play area. DNA extraction was carried out and V3-V4 hypervariable regions of bacterial 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. Protein extraction was performed and allergens assayed by using multiplex assay and ELISA.
Results: The most abundant phyla in house dust were Actinobacteria (29.8%), Firmicutes (27.7%), and Proteobacteria (22.4%). Although there were no differences in bacteria abundance and diversity between house dust samples of allergic and non-allergic subjects, the relative abundance of Anaplasmataceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Leptospiraceae were significantly higher in dust samples of allergic subjects as compared to non-allergic subjects in 2 or more locations. The concentration of Der p 1 was significantly lower in bed dust samples of allergic subjects (Median [Interquartile range], 174 ng/g [115-299 ng/g]) as compared to non-allergic subjects (309 ng/g [201-400 ng/g]; P < 0.05). The concentration of tropomyosin was significantly higher in sofa dust samples of allergic subjects (175 ng/g [145-284 ng/g] as compared to non-allergic subjects (116 ng/g [52.8-170 ng/g]; P < 0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, we found a differential microbiota and allergen profile between homes of allergic and non-allergic subjects.
Trial registration: NCT01174875 Registered 1 July 2010, retrospectively registered.

PMID: 30534340 [PubMed]

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EmoTour: Estimating Emotion and Satisfaction of Users Based on Behavioral Cues and Audiovisual Data.

EmoTour: Estimating Emotion and Satisfaction of Users Based on Behavioral Cues and Audiovisual Data.

Sensors (Basel). 2018 Nov 15;18(11):

Authors: Matsuda Y, Fedotov D, Takahashi Y, Arakawa Y, Yasumoto K, Minker W

Abstract
With the spread of smart devices, people may obtain a variety of information on their surrounding environment thanks to sensing technologies. To design more context-aware systems, psychological user context (e.g., emotional status) is a substantial factor for providing useful information in an appropriate timing. As a typical use case that has a high demand for context awareness but is not tackled widely yet, we focus on the tourism domain. In this study, we aim to estimate the emotional status and satisfaction level of tourists during sightseeing by using unconscious and natural tourist actions. As tourist actions, behavioral cues (eye and head/body movement) and audiovisual data (facial/vocal expressions) were collected during sightseeing using an eye-gaze tracker, physical-activity sensors, and a smartphone. Then, we derived high-level features, e.g., head tilt and footsteps, from behavioral cues. We also used existing databases of emotionally rich interactions to train emotion-recognition models and apply them in a cross-corpus fashion to generate emotional-state prediction for the audiovisual data. Finally, the features from several modalities are fused to estimate the emotion of tourists during sightseeing. To evaluate our system, we conducted experiments with 22 tourists in two different touristic areas located in Germany and Japan. As a result, we confirmed the feasibility of estimating both the emotional status and satisfaction level of tourists. In addition, we found that effective features used for emotion and satisfaction estimation are different among tourists with different cultural backgrounds.

PMID: 30445798 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Comparison of Maximum Oxygen Uptake and Rating Perceived Exertion in Woman's Kabaddi Athletes (Without Breathy Voice to Severe Breathy Voice).

Comparison of Maximum Oxygen Uptake and Rating Perceived Exertion in Woman's Kabaddi Athletes (Without Breathy Voice to Severe Breathy Voice).

J Voice. 2018 Dec 07;:

Authors: Ebrahimi S, Gholami M

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: There is limited research on voice problems of athletes, especially Kabaddi athletes who use their voice during Kabaddi exercises and may damage their vocal folds and impair their voice quality. The present study aimed to compare maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and rating perceived exertion (RPE) in Woman's Kabaddi athletes without breathy voice (BV) to severe BV.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy woman's Kabaddi athletes (mean age of 20.5 ± 2.7 years, height of 163 ± 3.6 cm, weight of 61.4 ± 5.4 kg) at the club and national team level (without BV to severe BV) were compared in this study. Data were collected by imaging the larynx by a stroboscopic device (there is gap and asymmetry between vocal folds, presence of mass on vocal folds, muscle tension dysphonia, hoarseness, and harshness), evaluating the voice parameters by Vocal Assessment software (mean F0 (Hz), F0SD (Hz), jitter (%), shimmer (%), Normal Noise Energy (NNE) (dB)), and calculating VO2max by Bruce treadmill test. RPE was calculated by a 15-point (6-20) Borg test.
RESULTS: The results showed that 39 (55.17%) subjects had moderate and high BV symptoms and 31 (44.28%) had no symptoms of BV and low BV. The mean fundamental frequency in the group with moderate and severe BV was equal to 2.59 Hz opposite the mean fundamental frequency in the group without BV and low BV was equal to 0.65 Hz, and in contrast, the jitter (0.47%) opposite (0.19%) and the shimmer was equal to (6.64%) opposite (0.67%) and the NNE was equal to (-3.08 dB) In front of (-11.95 dB). There was no significant difference between VO2max in two groups of Woman's Kabaddi athletes as well as RPE in two groups of Woman's Kabaddi athletes at significant level of P ≤ 0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: Severe BV is affected by voice abuse. Voice abuse during Kabaddi is negatively affecting the quality of voice. After Kabaddi sport, athletes are complained from obstruction, hoarseness, and harshness due to disturbances in vocal folds and throat dryness. According to the data obtained from this study, abuse has a negative effect on vocal folds, which is followed by BV in various degrees in Kabaddi athletes.

PMID: 30529027 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Medical Referral Patterns and Etiologies for Children With Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss.

Medical Referral Patterns and Etiologies for Children With Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: Judge PD, Jorgensen E, Lopez-Vazquez M, Roush P, Page TA, Moeller MP, Tomblin JB, Holte L, Buchman C

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To (1) identify the etiologies and risk factors of the patient cohort and determine the degree to which they reflected the incidence for children with hearing loss and (2) quantify practice management patterns in three catchment areas of the United States with available centers of excellence in pediatric hearing loss.
DESIGN: Medical information for 307 children with bilateral, mild-to-severe hearing loss was examined retrospectively. Children were participants in the Outcomes of Children with Hearing Loss (OCHL) study, a 5-year longitudinal study that recruited subjects at three different sites. Children aged 6 months to 7 years at time of OCHL enrollment were participants in this study. Children with cochlear implants, children with severe or profound hearing loss, and children with significant cognitive or motor delays were excluded from the OCHL study and, by extension, from this analysis. Medical information was gathered using medical records and participant intake forms, the latter reflecting a caregiver's report. A comparison group included 134 children with normal hearing. A Chi-square test on two-way tables was used to assess for differences in referral patterns by site for the children who are hard of hearing (CHH). Linear regression was performed on gestational age and birth weight as continuous variables. Risk factors were assessed using t tests. The alpha value was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: Neonatal intensive care unit stay, mechanical ventilation, oxygen requirement, aminoglycoside exposure, and family history were correlated with hearing loss. For this study cohort, congenital cytomegalovirus, strep positivity, bacterial meningitis, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and loop diuretic exposure were not associated with hearing loss. Less than 50% of children underwent imaging, although 34.2% of those scanned had abnormalities identified. No single imaging modality was preferred. Differences in referral rates were apparent for neurology, radiology, genetics, and ophthalmology.
CONCLUSIONS: The OCHL cohort reflects known etiologies of CHH. Despite available guidelines, centers of excellence, and high-yield rates for imaging, the medical workup for children with hearing loss remains inconsistently implemented and widely variable. There remains limited awareness as to what constitutes appropriate medical assessment for CHH.

PMID: 30531261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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How Do You Deal With Uncertainty? Cochlear Implant Users Differ in the Dynamics of Lexical Processing of Noncanonical Inputs.

How Do You Deal With Uncertainty? Cochlear Implant Users Differ in the Dynamics of Lexical Processing of Noncanonical Inputs.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: McMurray B, Ellis TP, Apfelbaum KS

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Work in normal-hearing (NH) adults suggests that spoken language processing involves coping with ambiguity. Even a clearly spoken word contains brief periods of ambiguity as it unfolds over time, and early portions will not be sufficient to uniquely identify the word. However, beyond this temporary ambiguity, NH listeners must also cope with the loss of information due to reduced forms, dialect, and other factors. A recent study suggests that NH listeners may adapt to increased ambiguity by changing the dynamics of how they commit to candidates at a lexical level. Cochlear implant (CI) users must also frequently deal with highly degraded input, in which there is less information available in the input to recover a target word. The authors asked here whether their frequent experience with this leads to lexical dynamics that are better suited for coping with uncertainty.
DESIGN: Listeners heard words either correctly pronounced (dog) or mispronounced at onset (gog) or offset (dob). Listeners selected the corresponding picture from a screen containing pictures of the target and three unrelated items. While they did this, fixations to each object were tracked as a measure of the time course of identifying the target. The authors tested 44 postlingually deafened adult CI users in 2 groups (23 used standard electric only configurations, and 21 supplemented the CI with a hearing aid), along with 28 age-matched age-typical hearing (ATH) controls.
RESULTS: All three groups recognized the target word accurately, though each showed a small decrement for mispronounced forms (larger in both types of CI users). Analysis of fixations showed a close time locking to the timing of the mispronunciation. Onset mispronunciations delayed initial fixations to the target, but fixations to the target showed partial recovery by the end of the trial. Offset mispronunciations showed no effect early, but suppressed looking later. This pattern was attested in all three groups, though both types of CI users were slower and did not commit fully to the target. When the authors quantified the degree of disruption (by the mispronounced forms), they found that both groups of CI users showed less disruption than ATH listeners during the first 900 msec of processing. Finally, an individual differences analysis showed that within the CI users, the dynamics of fixations predicted speech perception outcomes over and above accuracy in this task and that CI users with the more rapid fixation patterns of ATH listeners showed better outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Postlingually deafened CI users process speech incrementally (as do ATH listeners), though they commit more slowly and less strongly to a single item than do ATH listeners. This may allow them to cope more flexible with mispronunciations.

PMID: 30531260 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Development of the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Item Bank.

Development of the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Item Bank.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: McRackan TR, Hand BN, Velozo CA, Dubno JR, Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Development Consortium

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Functional outcomes following cochlear implantation have traditionally been focused on word and sentence recognition, which, although important, do not capture the varied communication and other experiences of adult cochlear implant (CI) users. Although the inadequacies of speech recognition to quantify CI user benefits are widely acknowledged, rarely have adult CI user outcomes been comprehensively assessed beyond these conventional measures. An important limitation in addressing this knowledge gap is that patient-reported outcome measures have not been developed and validated in adult CI patients using rigorous scientific methods. The purpose of the present study is to build on our previous work and create an item bank that can be used to develop new patient-reported outcome measures that assess CI quality of life (QOL) in the adult CI population.
DESIGN: An online questionnaire was made available to 500 adult CI users who represented the adult CI population and were recruited through a consortium of 20 CI centers in the United States. The questionnaire included the 101 question CIQOL item pool and additional questions related to demographics, hearing and CI history, and speech recognition scores. In accordance with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, responses were psychometrically analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory.
RESULTS: Of the 500 questionnaires sent, 371 (74.2%) subjects completed the questionnaire. Subjects represented the full range of age, durations of CI use, speech recognition abilities, and listening modalities of the adult CI population; subjects were implanted with each of the three CI manufacturers' devices. The initial item pool consisted of the following domain constructs: communication, emotional, entertainment, environment, independence, listening effort, and social. Through psychometric analysis, after removing locally dependent and misfitting items, all of the domains were found to have sound psychometric properties, with the exception of the independence domain. This resulted in a final CIQOL item bank of 81 items in 6 domains with good psychometric properties.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal that hypothesis-driven quantitative analyses result in a psychometrically sound CIQOL item bank, organized into unique domains comprised of independent items which measure the full ability range of the adult CI population. The final item bank will now be used to develop new instruments that evaluate and differentiate adult CIQOL across the patient ability spectrum.

PMID: 30531259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK): validation of the Portuguese version.

Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK): validation of the Portuguese version.

World Allergy Organ J. 2018;11(1):40

Authors: Wandalsen GF, Dias RG, Chong-Neto HJ, Rosário N, Moraes L, Wandalsen NF, Medeiros D, Bianca ACD, Urrutia-Pereira M, Avila J, Jorge PP, Solé D

Abstract
Background: TRACK (Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids) questionnaire is an instrument developed and validated in English to evaluate the control of respiratory symptoms in children under 5 years of age.
Objective: To validate the Portuguese version of the TRACK questionnaire.
Methods: The validation was done in an observational, prospective and multicenter evaluation (six centers in Brazil) in children with recurrent respiratory symptoms. Children were classified according to symptoms, GINA criteria and medical evaluation. Parents and doctors rated child respiratory symptom control in the last month (VAS). Approval from the Institutional Review Board was obtained in each centre, and written informed consent was obtained from parents.
Results: Data from 299 children were obtained at baseline, and 195 at follow-up. The median score of the TRACK questionnaire was 65 and Cronbach's α was 0.70. TRACK scores showed significant correlation with the medical and family opinions about symptom control (r: 0.74 and r: 0.61). TRACK scores were significantly lower in children who had used systemic steroids (median [IQR]: 45 [30-65] vs 75 [55-80]; p < 0.001) and had an emergency visit in the last month (45 [35-60] vs 70 [55-80]; p < 0.001). TRACK scores were also significantly different when children were separated by the medical opinion, GINA criteria and symptoms. Comparison of different respiratory symptom control cut-off points showed that the cut-off of 80 points had the highest area under ROC curve (0.800).
Conclusion: We have demonstrated that the Portuguese version of the TRACK questionnaire has satisfactory reliability (internal consistency), adequate criterion validity (compared against GINA levels of control) and constructive validity (compared against respiratory symptoms and medical opinion), showing that it can be a useful tool to discriminate among children with different levels of respiratory symptom control.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03290222.

PMID: 30534341 [PubMed]

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How Do You Deal With Uncertainty? Cochlear Implant Users Differ in the Dynamics of Lexical Processing of Noncanonical Inputs.

How Do You Deal With Uncertainty? Cochlear Implant Users Differ in the Dynamics of Lexical Processing of Noncanonical Inputs.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: McMurray B, Ellis TP, Apfelbaum KS

PMID: 30531260 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Development of the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Item Bank.

Development of the Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Item Bank.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: McRackan TR, Hand BN, Velozo CA, Dubno JR, Cochlear Implant Quality of Life Development Consortium

PMID: 30531259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Role of Immunohistochemistry in Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Needle Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Needle Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 11;:

Authors: Song S, Kim H, Ahn SH

Abstract
Objectives: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been used for the diagnosis of indeterminate results in fine needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules. However, the role of IHC in core needle biopsy (CNB) is not clear and the efficacy of testing for molecular markers following CNB has not been evaluated. The aim of this study is to compare the role of IHC staining in CNB with that in FNA when examining thyroid nodules and to compare the sensitivity and usefulness of different molecular markers.
Methods: Consecutive cases of thyroid FNA and CNB accompanied by IHC from 2004 to 2014 were included in this study with retrospective review of medical record. The rate of remaining nondiagnostic result (unsatisfactory, atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance [AUS/FLUS]) and rate of strong expression of each molecular marker according to the diagnosis were evaluated.
Results: IHC was more frequently performed in CNB with multiple molecular markers compared to FNA (38.1% vs. 2.8%, 3 or 4 markers [Gal-3, HBME-1, CK19, and CD56] vs. 1 marker [Gal-3]). In the CNB group, 11.3% remained as AUS/FLUS after IHC, and the rate remaining nondiagnostic was significantly less than in the FNA group (42.9%). Gal-3 and CK19 showed higher specificity and expressed mainly in conventional type of papillary carcinoma and HBME-1 showed higher sensitivity for the diagnosis of carcinoma with expression in both conventional type and follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Conclusion: With these data, we could conclude that IHC was more effective following CNB than following FNA.

PMID: 30531651 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Development of a Novel Intraoperative Neuromonitoring System Using a Surface Pressure Sensor to Detect Muscle Movement: A Rabbit Model Study.

Development of a Novel Intraoperative Neuromonitoring System Using a Surface Pressure Sensor to Detect Muscle Movement: A Rabbit Model Study.

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 11;:

Authors: Sung ES, Lee JC, Shin SC, Kwon HG, Kim MS, Kim DJ, Ro JH, Lee BJ

Abstract
Objectives: False-negative or false-positive responses in intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) using electromyography (EMG) in thyroid surgery pose a challenge. Therefore, we developed a novel IONM system that uses a surface pressure sensor instead of EMG to detect muscle twitching. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of a new IONM system using a piezo-electric surface pressure sensor in an experimental animal model.
Methods: We developed the surface pressure sensor by modifying a commercial piezo-electric sensor. We evaluated the stimulus thresholds to detect muscle movement, as well as the amplitude and latency of the EMG and surface pressure sensor in six sciatic nerves of three rabbits, according to the stimulus intensity.
Results: The surface pressure sensor detected the muscle movements in response to a 0.1 mA stimulation of all six sciatic nerves. There were no differences in the thresholds of stimulus intensity between the surface pressure sensor and EMG recordings to detect muscle movements.
Conclusion: It is possible to measure the change in surface pressure by using a piezo-electric surface pressure sensor instead of EMG to detect muscle movement induced by nerve stimulation. The application of IONM using a piezo-electric surface pressure sensor during surgery is noninvasive, safe, and feasible. Measuring muscle twitching to identify the state of the nerves using the novel IONM system can be an alternative to recording of EMG responses.

PMID: 30531650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from PubMed via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2PvAAIo

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Needle Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Needle Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 11;:

Authors: Song S, Kim H, Ahn SH

PMID: 30531651 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from PubMed via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2zTJQRA

Development of a Novel Intraoperative Neuromonitoring System Using a Surface Pressure Sensor to Detect Muscle Movement: A Rabbit Model Study.

Development of a Novel Intraoperative Neuromonitoring System Using a Surface Pressure Sensor to Detect Muscle Movement: A Rabbit Model Study.

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 11;:

Authors: Sung ES, Lee JC, Shin SC, Kwon HG, Kim MS, Kim DJ, Ro JH, Lee BJ

PMID: 30531650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from PubMed via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2PvAAIo

Medical Referral Patterns and Etiologies for Children With Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss.

Medical Referral Patterns and Etiologies for Children With Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss.

Ear Hear. 2018 Dec 06;:

Authors: Judge PD, Jorgensen E, Lopez-Vazquez M, Roush P, Page TA, Moeller MP, Tomblin JB, Holte L, Buchman C

PMID: 30531261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from PubMed via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ek8sps

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Wednesday, December 12, 2018