H&N

1.	Head-Neck Biomechanics in Simulated Rear Impact
	OpenAIRE
	Yoganandan, Narayan; Pintar, Frank A.; Cusick, Joseph F.; Kleinberger, Michael
	2019-04-02
	The first objective of this study is to present an overview of the human cadaver studies aimed to determine the biomechanics of the head-neck in a simulated rear crash. The need for kinematic studies to better understand the mechanisms of load transfer to the human head-neck complex is emphasized. Based on this need, a methodology is developed to delineate the dynamic kinematics of the human head-neck complex. Intact human cadaver head-neck complexes were subjected to postero-anterior impact using a mini-sled pendulum device. The integrity of the soft tissues including the musculature and skin were maintained. The kinematic data were recorded using high-speed photography coupled with retroreflective targets placed at various regions of the human head-neckcomplex. The overall and segmental kinematics of the entire head-neck complex, and the localized facet joint motions were determined. During the initial stages of loading, a transient decoupling of the head occurred with respect to the neck exhibiting a lag of the cranium. The upper cervical spine-head undergoes local flexion concomitant with a lag of the head while the lower cervical spinal column is in local extension. This establishes a reverse curvature to the cervical head-neck complex. With continued loading, head motion ensues and approximately at the end of the loading phase, the entire head-neck complex is under the extension mode with a single curvature. In contrast, the lower cervical spine facet joint kinematics show varying compression and sliding. While both the anterior and posterior-most regions of the facet joint slide, the posterior-most region (mean: 2.84 mm) of the joint compresses more than the anterior-most (mean: 2.02 mm) region. These varying kinematics at the ends of the facet joint result in a pinching mechanism. These biomechanical kinematic findings may be correlated to the presence of headaches and neck pain (Lord, Bogduk et al. 1992; Barnsley, Lord et al. 1995), based on the unique human head-neck anatomy at the upper cervical spine region and the associated facet joint characteristics, and clinical studies.
2.	Effects of Head-Neck Positions on the Hand Grip Strength in Healthy Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
	OpenAIRE
	Zafar, Hamayun; Alghadir, Ahmad; Anwer, Shahnawaz
	2018-08-29
	Background. Assessment of hand grip strength is vital for the evaluation of upper limb impairments and effective exercise prescription. Present study primarily aimed to investigate the effect of head-neck positions on the hand grip strength in healthy young adults. Secondarily, the present study compared hand grip strength between left versus right hand in different head-neckpositions. Methods. Healthy young adults (age 19 – 30 year; n = 40) participated in this cross-sectional study. Hand grip strength was assessed in three head-neck positions (neutral, rotation left, and rotation right) using the standard adjustable Jamar hand dynamometer. Results. Hand grip strength in both sides (left and right) was greatest in the head-neck neutral position. Hand grip strength measured in head-neck left rotation position displayed the least strength in both sides. There was no significant difference noted between left and right side hand grip strength measured in head-neck neutral and right rotation positions. However, there was a significant difference noted between left and right side hand grip strength measured in head-neck left rotation positions. There was no significant effect of head-neck positions on hand grip strength noted in both sides. Conclusions. Hand grip strength was highest in the head-neck neutral position followed by head-neck rotation to the right. However, head-neck positions did not significantly affect hand grip strength in healthy young adults. Further studies assessing the hand grip strength in different neckpositions in patients with neck pain and upper limb dysfunction may have significant implications for the assessment of hand grip strength.
3.	Head & neck cancers– A retrospective analysis
	OpenAIRE
	Rajnish Nagarkar; Shirsendu Roy; Mohammad Akheel; Nayana Kulkarni; Vijay Palwe; Prakash Pandit
	2019-02-27
	AIM: To find the prevelance and Incidence of head and neck cancer cases of other total body malignancies in our cancer centre. MATERIALS & METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis which was done in curie Manavata Cancer Centre in northern Maharashtra from 14th May 2007 to 30th November 2014. Total cases operated were 14368 out of which 2017 were head and neck cancers. RESULTS: Incidence of Head & Neck cancer cases in our 7 years study was around 14.03% of other total body malignancies. Males are more affected by Head & Neck cancer for around 82.01% than females contributing which is around 17.9%. Oral cavity malignancies contribute around 76.6% out of all head & neck cancer cases. Tongue cancers are more commonly affected which is around 33.4% followed by Buccal mucosa which is 29.77%. The mortality rate is high in buccal mucosa (32.35%) followed by tongue (27.4%). CONCLUSION: This retrospective study hopes to quantify and analyze the spectrum of Head and neck cancer out of the other total body malignancies. A tremendous effort is needed to identify such high prevelance, generate awareness and establish treatment modalities to meet this challenging statistical analysis.
4.	International Federation of Head Neck Oncology Society 5th World Congress/American Head Neck Society 2014 update
	OpenAIRE
	Sharma, Shilpi; Chaukar, Devendra A.
	2018-06-11
	Head neck cancer is an important health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Early detection and adequate treatment improve prognosis significantly. Thus creating awareness among clinicians is an important step toward control of head neck cancer and reducing its overall burden. We here provide an update on the International Federation of Head Neck Oncology Society/American Head Neck Society 2014 held between July 26, 2014 and July 30, 2014 in New York.
5.	Head and Neck Soft Tissue Sarcoma
	OpenAIRE
	Aljabab, A. S.; Nason, R. W.; Kazi, R.; Pathak, K. A.
	2019-04-02
	Sarcomas are malignant neoplasms originating from mesodermal tissues and constitute less than 1% of body's tumors, including those of the head and neck region. 5–15% of adult sarcomas are in the head and neck region (20% from bones and cartilages and 80% in soft tissues). Commonly encountered sarcomas in the head and neck region are - osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, fibrosarcoma and angiosarcoma. This article reviews the available literature on head and necksarcomas.
6.	Effect of different head-neck-jaw postures on cervicocephalic kinesthetic sense
	OpenAIRE
	Zafar, Hamayun; Alghadir, Ahmad H.; Iqbal, Zaheen A.
	2018-06-14
	Objectives: To investigate the effect of different induced head-neck-jaw postures on head-neck relocation error among healthy subjects. Methods: 30 healthy adult male subjects participated in this study. Cervicocephalic kinesthetic sense was measured while standing, habitual sitting, habitual sitting with clenched jaw and habitual sitting with forward head posture during right rotation, left rotation, flexion and extension using kinesthetic sensibility test. Results: Head-neck relocation error was least while standing, followed by habitual sitting, habitual sitting with forward head posture and habitual sitting with jaw clenched. However, there was no significant difference in error between different tested postures during all the movements. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to see the effect of different induced head-neck-jaw postures on head-neck position sense among healthy subjects. Assuming a posture for a short duration of time doesn't affect head-neck relocation error in normal healthy subjects.
7.	Associação entre higiene oral e os cânceres de cabeça e pescoço
	OpenAIRE (Portuguese)
	Nayara Fernanda Pereira
	2019-05-05
	Introdução: Com as demonstrações da relação entre inflamação, desregulação microbiológica e câncer, a higiene oral precária pode ser um fator risco. Objetivo: Verificar se a condição de higiene está associada com a ocorrência dos cânceres de cabeça e pescoço. Material e método: Foram analisadas variáveis de condição de higiene bucal, como frequência de escovação, dentes perdidos, necessidade e uso de prótese e visita regular ao dentista num estudo caso-controle, com pacientes de cinco hospitais do estado de São Paulo, pareados por sexo e idade, do projeto multicêntrico ,,Genoma do Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço\" (GENCAPO). Resultados: As neoplasias malignas mais frequentes foram as de bordo de língua (11,41%) e base de língua (10,92%). A análise estatística bivariada encontrou valores de Odds ratio abaixo de 1 para as variáveis: ,,escova 1x\" (OR=0,33; IC0,25-0,44), ,,escova 2x\" (OR=0,42;IC0,35-0,52), ,,usa fio sempre\" (OR=0,19;IC0,13-0,27), ,,usa fio às vezes\" (OR=0,19;IC0,15-0,24), ,,dentista todo ano\" (OR=0,29;IC0,22-0,37), ,,higiene boa\" (OR=0,21;IC0,166-0,27) e ,,higiene regular\" (OR=0,19;IC0,16-0,25) e acima de 1 para ,,sangra sempre\" (OR=2,40;IC1,40-4,09), ,,usa total\" (OR=1,99;IC1,54-2,56), ,,6 ou mais dentes perdidos\" (OR=3,30;IC2,67-4,08). A regressão logística multivariada encontrou significância para ,,escovar os dentes pelo menos 2x ao dia\" (OR=0,53;IC0,37-0,75), ,,fio sempre\" (OR=0,16;IC0,80-0,33) e para variável ,,6 ou mais dentes perdidos\" (OR=3,86;IC2,67-5,57). Discussão: Os dados mostram a necessidade de cuidados orais e indicam que higiene precária pode ser um fator de risco. Conclusão: Bons hábitos de higiene bucal possuem relação inversa com ocorrência de câncer em cabeça e pescoço e esses pacientes tem mais comorbidades bucais. Introduction: As demonstrations of the relationship between inflammation, microbiological dysregulation and cancer, poor oral hygiene can be adapted for cancers. Objective: To verify if the hygiene condition is associated with the occurrence of head and neck cancers. Material and method: The variables of oral hygiene condition, such as toothbrushing frequency, missing teeth, need and use of prosthesis and regular visit to the dentist in a case-control study were analyzed with patients from five hospitals in the state of São Paulo, paired by sex and age, of the multicenter project ,,Genoma do Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço\" (GENCAPO). Results: The most frequent malignancies were those of the tongue border (11.41%) and tongue base (10.92%). The bivariate statistical analysis found odds ratio values below 1 for the variables\' 1x brush \'(OR = 0.33; IC0.253-0.44),\' 2x brush \'(OR = 0.42; IC0.34-0.52),\' floss (OR = 0.19, IC0.13-0.27), \'sometimes uses floss\' (OR = 0.19, IC0.15-0.24), \'dentist every year\' (OR = 0.29, IC0.22-0.37), (OR = 0.21, IC0.167-0.27) and \'regular hygiene\' (OR = 0.19, IC0.156-0.25) and above 1 for \'always bleeds\' (OR = 2.40, CI 1.40-4.09), \'total use\' (OR = 1,99, IC1,54-2,56), \'6 or more missing teeth\' (OR = 3,30, IC2,67-4,08). Multivariate logistic regression found significance for \'brushing the teeth at least 2x a day\' (OR = 0.53, IC0.37-0.75), \'always wire\' (OR = 0.16, IC0.80-0.32) and for variable \'6 or more lost teeth \'(OR = 3.86, IC2.67-5.57). Discussion: Data show the need for oral care and indicate that poor hygiene may be a risk factor. Conclusion: Good habits of oral hygiene have an inverse relation with the occurrence of head and neck cancer and these patients have more oral comorbidities.
8.	Head and neck skin carcinoma in elderly: surgical management
	OpenAIRE
	Abbonante, F
	2018-06-10
9.	Head and Neck Pain in Patients Presenting with Acute Aortic Dissection
	OpenAIRE
	Philip, Stephen; Missov, Emil; Gilon, Dan; Hutchison, Stuart; Khoynezhad, Ali; Evangelista, Arturo; Bonaca, Mark; Conklin, Lori; Appoo, Jehangir; Di Eusanio, Marco; Braverman, Alan; Forteza, Alberto; Montgomery, Daniel; Nienaber, Christoph; Isselbacher, Eric; Eagle, Kim
	2019-05-05
	Background  Head and neck pain is an atypical presentation of acute aortic dissection. Classic teaching associates this pain with proximal dissections, but this has not been extensively studied. Methods  Patients enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection from January 1996 to March 2015 were included in this study. We analyzed the demographics, presentation, treatment, and outcomes of Type A aortic dissection patients presenting with head and neck pain ( n  = 812, 25.8%) and compared it with those without these symptoms ( n  = 2,341, 74.2%). Results  Patients with head and neck pain were more likely to be white, female, with a family history of aortic disease. Patients with head and neck pain had higher percentages of back pain (43.3% vs. 37.5%, p  = 0.005) and chest pain (87.6% vs. 79.3%, p  < 0.001). On imaging, a higher percentage of those with head and neck pain had arch vessel involvement (44.3% vs. 38%, p  = 0.010) and intramural hematoma (11.7% vs. 8.1%, p  = 0.003). Surgical management was more common in patients with head and neck pain (89.8% vs. 85.2%, p  = 0.001). Regarding outcomes, patients with head and neck pain had significantly higher rates of stroke than those without head and neck pain (13% vs. 9.9%, p  = 0.016); however, overall mortality was lower for those with head and neck pain (19.5% vs. 23%, p  = 0.038). Those with head and neck pain only had higher overall mortality compared to those with head and neck pain with chest or back pain (34.6% vs. 19.9%, p  = 0.013). A logistic regression of mortality revealed that preoperative hypotension and age > 65 years were significantly associated with increased mortality. Conclusion  Presence of head and neck pain in Type A dissection is associated with more arch involvement, intramural hematoma, and stroke. When isolating those with head and neck pain only, there appear to be a higher rate of comorbidity burden and higher overall mortality.
10.	Head and Neck Cancer in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study over 10 Years (1999 - 2008)
	OpenAIRE
	Kruse, Astrid L; Bredell, Marius; Luebbers, Heinz T; Grätz, Klaus W
	2018-06-10
	INTRODUCTION: Treatment of elderly patients is in many ways different from that for younger ones. The aim of the present study was to identify the particular characteristics and needs of elderly patients suffering from head and neck cancer. From these patterns, considerations for this special group can be deduced. Patients and Material The subjects for this study consisted of 376 patients suffering from head and neck cancer that were treated between 1999 and 2008, 99 (26.3.%) of whom were older than 70 years and were evaluated retrospectively concerning smoking/alcohol abuse, ASA status, kind of malignant neoplasm, localization and treatment. RESULTS: The male-female ratio was 53:46, and mean age, 79 years (71 - 98). Out of 95 patients with a squamous cell carcinoma, 4 patients had a verrucous form. Out of 99 patients, 26 had a maxillary carcinoma and 12 patients had experienced previous non-head-and-neck cancer. An ASA score of 2 or 3 was found in 86 of the patients. CONCLUSION: The group of patients with head and neck cancer who were older than 70 years was characterized by a higher portion of female patients, a higher number of maxillary carcinomas, and a higher prevalence of previous second cancer. Making decisions in cancer therapy for elderly patients is challenging. Patients suffering from operable head and neck cancer should be treated with curative intent and with regard to quality of life if a careful assessment of comorbidities is performed preoperatively.
11.	Silenciamento epigenético dos genes CRABP2 e MX1 em tumores de cabeça e pescoço
	OpenAIRE (Portuguese)
	Calmon, Marilia de Freitas [UNESP]
	2019-05-05
	Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:21:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 calmon_mf_dr_sjrp.pdf: 7036402 bytes, checksum: b702ff2267d57efa64885bfa0453276c (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeça e pescoço (HNSCC) é uma doença heterogênea que afeta o epitélio da cavidade oral, laringe e faringe. A maioria dos pacientes é diagnosticada em estágios avançados da doença e ainda não existe nenhum marcador sensível e específico para o comportamento agressivo deste tumor. Portanto, uma detecção precoce e biomarcadores de prognóstico são altamente necessárias para uma administração mais racional da doença. A hipermetilação de ilhas CpGs é um dos mecanismos epigenéticos mais importantes que levam a um silenciamento gênico em tumores e tem sido extensivamente utilizados para a identificação de biomarcadores. Neste estudo foram combinados as análises de Rapid Substractive Hybridization (RaSH) e microarray de uma maneira hierárquica para selecionar genes que, supostamente, são reativados pelo agente desmetilante 5`'Aza'2`'deoxicitidina (5Aza'dC) em linhagens celulares derivados de carcinoma de cabeça e pescoço (FaDu, UM' SCC'14A, UM'SCC'17A e UM'SCC'38). Esta análise combinada identificou 78 genes dos quais 35 foram reativados em, pelo menos, 2 linhagens celulares e apresentavam ilha CpG nas suas regiões 5`. A reativação de três destes 35 genes (CRABP2, MX1 e SLC15A3) foi confirmada por PCR em tempo real (Fold change ≥ 3). O seqüenciamento de bissulfito de sódio das suas ilhas CpGs revelou que eles estão, de fato, diferencialmente metilados em linhagens celulares derivadas de carcinoma de cabeça e pescoço. Foram detectadas uma maior freqüência de hipermetilação dos genes CRABP2 (58.1% para a região 1) e MX1 (46.3%) em amostras primárias de câncer de cabeça e pescoço quando comparados a linfócitos de indivíduos saudáveis utilizando o PCR de metilação específica (MSP). Finalmente a ausência da proteína CRABP2 foi associada com... Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease affecting the epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Most patients are diagnosed at late stages of the disease and no sensitive and specific predictors of aggressive behavior have been identified yet. Therefore, early detection and prognostic biomarkers are highly desirable for a more rational management of the disease. Hypermethylation of CpG islands is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that leads to gene silencing in tumors and has been extensively used for the identification of biomarkers. In this study, we combined Rapid Subtractive Hybridization (RaSH) and microarray analysis in a hierarchical manner to select genes that are putatively reactivated by the demethylating agent 5'aza'2''deoxycytidine (5Aza'dC) in HNSCC cell lines (FaDu, UM'SCC'14A, UMSCC'17A, UM'SCC'38A). This combined analysis identified 78 genes of which 35 were reactivated in at least 2 cell lines and harbored a CpG island at their 5' region. Reactivation of three out of these 35 genes (CRABP2, MX1 and SLC15A3) was confirmed by qRT'PCR (fold change ≥ 3). Bisulfite sequencing of their CpG islands revealed that they are indeed differentially methylated in the HNSCC cell lines. Using Methylation Specific PCR (MSP), we detected a higher frequency of CRABP2 (58.1% for region 1) and MX1 (46.3%) hypermethylation in primary HNSCC, when compared to lymphocytes from healthy individuals. Finally, absence of the CRABP2 protein was associated with decreased disease'free survival rates, supporting a potential use of CRABP2 expression as a prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients
12.	Head and Neck Surgical Oncology Choosing Wisely Campaign: imaging for patients with hoarseness, fine needle aspiration for neckmass, and ultrasound for odynophagia
	OpenAIRE
	Antoine Eskander; Eric Monteiro; Dan O'Connell; S. Mark Taylor; The Canadian Association of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology (CAHNSO)
	2019-02-26
	Abstract Choosing Wisely Canada, is a campaign designed to raise awareness regarding inappropriate or unnecessary tests and treatments. The Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery and the Canadian Association of Head and NeckSurgical Oncologists developed a Choosing Wisely Canada list to help promote high quality care for patients presenting with disorders of the head and neck: (1) Don't order imaging - computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - as the initial investigation for patients presenting with a chief complaint of hoarseness, (2) Don't perform an open biopsy or excision of a neck mass without having first considered a fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and, (3) Don't order neck ultrasound to investigate odynophagia (discomfort or pain with swallowing) or globus sensation.
13.	Head and neck injury risks in heavy metal: head bangers stuck between rock and a hard bass
	OpenAIRE
	Patton, Declan; McIntosh, Andrew
	2018-06-09
	Objective To investigate the risks of mild traumatic brain injury and neck injury associated with head banging, a popular dance form accompanying heavy metal music. Design Observational studies, focus group, and biomechanical analysis. Participants Headbangers. Main outcome measures Head Injury Criterion and Neck Injury Criterion were derived for head banging styles and both popular heavy metal songs and easy listening music controls. Results An average head banging song has a tempo of about 146 beats per minute, which is predicted to cause mild head injury when the range of motion is greater than 75°. At higher tempos and greater ranges of motion there is a risk of neck injury. Conclusion To minimise the risk of head and neck injury, head bangers should decrease their range of head and neck motion, head bang to slower tempo songs by replacing heavy metal with adult oriented rock, only head bang to every second beat, or use personal protective equipment.
14.	Respuesta al tratamiento radioterápico en pacientes con tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello
	OpenAIRE (Spanish)
	Caridad Verdecia Cañizares; Magda Alonso Pírez; José Alert Silva; Rosa María Lam Díaz
	2019-05-04
	RESUMEN Introducción: La radioterapia es una de las variantes de tratamiento más antiguas con que contamos hoy día para curar los pacientes afectos de neoplasias malignas, pero debe ser cuidadosamente seleccionada en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento radiante en niños con tumores de cabeza y cuello. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo lineal, donde se incluyeron 26 pacientes ingresados en el Servicio de Oncocirugía del hospital "William Soler" desde enero de 2000 a enero de 2013, con diferentes tipos de tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello y edades comprendidas entre 1 y 18 años. Se tuvieron en cuenta los efectos tóxicos a largo plazo del tratamiento radiante, asociado o no a tratamiento quimioterápico adyuvante o concurrente y a la cirugía. Resultados: Todos los pacientes recibieron radioterapia corporal externa, el 73,1 % de los casos recibió quimioterapia adyuvante en su mayoría con diagnóstico de linfomas y 7,7 % recibió quimioterapia concurrente. Esta última en dos pacientes: uno con sarcoma facial y otro con carcinoma de parótida. Cinco pacientes (19,2 %) solo recibieron cirugía y radioterapia como tratamiento: dos casos con neuroblastoma, un caso con sarcoma facial y dos con hemangiopericitomas. Conclusión: El estudio demostró la gran utilidad del empleo de la radioterapia en el control de las enfermedades malignas de la infancia localizadas en cabeza y cuello.
15.	Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e uso de tecnologia de comunicação alternativa por pessoas com câncer de cabeça e pescoço
	OpenAIRE (Portuguese)
	Cristiane Aparecida Gomes
	2019-05-05
	O tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço e a dificuldade de comunicação decorrente da laringectomia interferem de maneira significativa na qualidade de vida das pessoas acometidas, principalmente quanto aos aspectos funcionais, psicológicos e sociais. Este estudo teve como o objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de pessoas com câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com metodologia quantitativa, do tipo transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de maio a setembro de 2015, com 100 pessoas com câncer de cabeça e pescoço, divididas em dois grupos: G1: pessoas laringectomizadas, G2: pessoas não laringectomizadas. Para isto, foi utilizado um aplicativo de comunicação alternativa instalado em tablet e foram aplicados o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil (CCEB) e a escala Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy (FACT-H&N). Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados o teste exato de Fisher, teste de Kruskal-Wallis, Ancova e estatística descritiva. Como resultados observou-se a prevalência de pessoas do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 59 e 74 anos , casadas, aposentadas não ativas, com baixa escolaridade e baixo nível socioeconômico. Os sujeitos participantes de ambos os grupos avaliaram sua qualidade de vida global, de um modo geral, como satisfatória sendo que as funções mais acometidas foram: bem estar emocional e bem estar funcional. Quanto às comparações dos escores finais da escala, observa-se que os participantes do G1 apresentaram melhor QVRS do que os do G2 no escore FACT-G total score, o G1 apresentou melhor QVRS do que o G2, enquanto no FACT-H&N Total score e TOI o G2 apresentou resultados ligeiramente melhores, porém sem significância estatística. Quanto ao uso do LIVOX, todos os participantes que apresentaram alguma dificuldade no seu uso tinham mais de 58 anos e se declararam aposentados não ativos (p=0,04). Conclui-se que é importante o oferecimento, tanto no pré quanto no pós operatório, de cuidados que possam avaliar e melhorar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde das pessoas com câncer de cabeça e pescoçoThe treatment of head and neck cancer and the communication difficulties resulting from laryngectomy significantly interfere in the quality of life of the affected people, especially regarding the functional, psychological and social aspects. This study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with head and neck cancer. This paper is an exploratory cross-sectional study with quantitative methodology. The data collection, which occurred between May and September of 2015, was carried out with 100 people with head and neck cancer, who were divided into two groups: G1: laryngectomized people, G2: non- laryngectomized people. To this end, an alternative communication application (LIVOX), installed on a tablet, was used, and the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FAC-H&N) scale were applied. For the data analysis, the Fisher\'s exact test was used, as well as the Kruskal-Wallis test, the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and descriptive statistics. The observed results were the prevalence of people of the male sex, with ages between 59 and 74, married, inactive and retired, and with low education and socioeconomic status. The participant subjects of both groups evaluated their global quality of life as generally satisfactory, with the most affected functions being those of emotional and functional well-being. Regarding the scale\'s final scores comparison, it was observed that the G1 participants presented better HRQoL on the FACT-G total score than those of the G2, whereas the G2 presented slightly better results on the FACT-H&N and TOI, although with no statistical significance. As for the use of the LIVOX app, all participants who presented some sort of difficulty when using it were over 58 years old and declared themselves as inactive (p=0,04). It is therefore concluded that the illness and treatment process interferes in the subject\'s life, and that it is important to offer, at both preoperative and post-operative stages, the means for assessing and improving the health- related quality of life of people with head and neck cancer
16.	Comment: Head and Neck Oncology
	OpenAIRE
	2018-06-11
	This comment relates to articles published in archived content of the journal Head and Neck Oncology and is not related to the content of BMC Medicine in any way.
17.	Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck
	OpenAIRE
	Wolf, Henning; Rusan, Maria; Lambertsen, Karin; Ovesen, Therese
	2018-11-29
18.	Application of Ultrasound-guided Core Biopsy in Head and Neck
	OpenAIRE
	Chun-Nan Chen; Tsung-Lin Yang
	2019-02-27
	Head and neck tumor is frequently encountered clinically, but the list of differential diagnosis of neck lumps is lengthy. Consequently, the major concern of diagnostic procedure is to effectively narrow the possibility, and finally make an accurate diagnosis. Ultrasound-guided core biopsy (USCB) has been well established in many medical fields as the standard tissue sampling procedure, with less harm than open biopsy (OB) and more pathological information than ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (USFNA). In addition, using the small-cutting needle, USCB can be easily and safely performed for head and neck lesions. In this review, we present our optimal procedure of applying USCB and review its roles in head and neck, including cervical lymph nodes, thyroid tumors, salivary tumors, pediatric head and neck lesions, cervical infectious diseases, head and neck cancer and aerodigestive tumors. The procedure-related bleeding and tumor seeding are rarely reported even after 7-year follow up in the literature. The head and neck surgeons are competent to take care of any unpredictable complications caused by USCB. According to our experience, USCB can be utilized as a powerful tool in surgeon's hands to explore the possibilities of doing tissue sampling in many areas of head and neck.
19.	Role of PET-CT scan in recurent/advanced head & neck cancer
	OpenAIRE
	Ashmi Wadhwania; Akheel Mohammad
	2019-02-27
20.	Mechanically assisted crevice corrosion of the head-neck taper in a large head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty
	OpenAIRE
	Moskal, Joseph; Stover, Matthew
	2018-06-13
	Taper corrosion of the head-neck junction is a potentially significant and devastating problem facing orthopedic surgeons. We present a case of a 53 year old male who presented for routine follow up for a left, large head, metal on metal total hip arthroplasty five years out. The patient was asymptomatic at the visit. X-rays at the time demonstrated a large amount of medial calcar osteolysis. Serum ion levels revealed a mildly increased cobalt and normal chromium level and hip aspiration revealed brownish fluid. At the time of revision surgery, corrosion of the head-neck taper was found with a normal appearing bearing surface leading to the diagnosis of mechanically assisted crevice corrosion of the head-neck taper with medial calcar osteolysis.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com

Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

The Development and Validation of the Thai-Translated Irrational Performance Beliefs Inventory (T-iPBI) Abstract One of the most commonly employed cognitive-behavioural approaches to psychotherapy is rational-emotive behaviour therapy, but researchers have been troubled by some of the limitations of irrational beliefs psychometrics. As a result, Turner et al. (Eur J Psychol Assess 34:174–180, 2018a. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000314) developed the Irrational Performance Beliefs Inventory (iPBI), a novel measure of irrational beliefs for use within performance domains. However, the linguistic and cross-cultural adaptation of the iPBI into other languages is necessary for its multinational and multicultural use. The purpose of this paper is to develop the Thai-translated version of the iPBI (T-iPBI) and examine the validity and reliability of the T-iPBI. Data retrieved from 166 participants were analysed using SPSS and AMOS software packages. Thirty-three participants completed two follow-up T-iPBI measurements (1- and 3-week repeat assessment). After the linguistic and cross-cultural adaptation processes, the T-iPBI demonstrated excellent levels of reliability, with internal consistency and test–retest reliability, as well as construct, concurrent, and predictive validity. The current findings indicate that the 20-item T-iPBI can be used as a self-assessment instrument to evaluate individual's irrational performance beliefs in a Thai population. We also highlight the implications of this study and suggest a variety of future research directions that stem from the results.

Towards a Cognitive-Behavioral Understanding of Assertiveness: Effects of Cognition and Distress on Different Expressions of Assertive Behavior Abstract Assertiveness, as the ability to adequately express oneself while maintaining social gains, can be applied to various social contexts and concomitant social demands, but the cognitive and emotional correlates underlying assertive behaviour in diverse social events has not been considered. We tested a cognitive-behavioral framework for understanding the self-reported enactment of diverse types of assertive behaviours (i.e., displaying negative and positive feelings, expressing and managing personal limitations, and taking initiative), using a sample of 679 adolescents (mean age = 16.68, 261 boys) and a model generation approach to structural equation modelling. Cognition directly predicted lower distress and more frequent assertive behavior; also, cognition indirectly predicted assertive behavior through distress. Interpersonal management was the most salient cognitive theme predicting various types of assertive behaviors, alongside feeling less distressed when displaying negative feelings. Evidence was found for cognitive-behavioral theories being a valid approach to understanding assertiveness and sustaining insights for efficacious assertive training.

A Contribution to Validation of the Short Schema Mode Inventory in an Italian Clinical Versus Non-clinical Population Abstract Schema therapy (ST) has been proven to be an effective psychotherapy model in the treatment of complex personality disorders. ST helps analyze causes of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral alteration in patients using schemas and modes (i.e., sets of emotional states, coping responses and schemas active in a given moment). ST finds its empirical validation in the short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI), a practical tool consisting of 14 subscales assessing 14 different mode categories, grouped in 4 (child, coping, parent and adult modes) high-order categories used to assess different modes at different times. We introduced the Italian validation of the short SMI to a sample of 707 participants, of whom 230 were psychiatric patients. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provides evidence that the 14-dimensional model best describes the SMI's structure at a lower level. Higher-order CFA provides evidence for both four higher-level mode categories and one higher-level mode category, the four-mode category being the best approach. Internal reliability, test–retest stability and the relationship between the SMI's subscales have been evaluated with promising results. Clinical vs nonclinical subjects were compared with a multigroup CFA in order to test invariance and with a MANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc comparisons in order to test mean differences. A linear thread was found for all modes except Bully/Attack. While contributing to international research and to the diffusion of SMI and schema therapy, our results also suggest that SMI is a powerful tool for the assessment of modes in ST, both in therapeutic and diagnostic contexts.

Fear of Negative Evaluation and Communication Apprehension: The Moderating Role of Communicative Competence and Extraversion Personality Trait in Pakistani Academia Abstract This study examines the moderating role of communicative competence and extraversion personality traits on the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and communication apprehension in Pakistani academics teaching in their second (English) language. One hundred and twenty academics (aged 25–60) completed a demographic information sheet, the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire (BFNE-11) (Leary in Pers Soc Psychol Bull 9:371–376, 1983), the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) (McCroskey in An introduction to rhetorical communication, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1982), the Self-Perceived Communication Competence Scale (SPCC) (McCroskey and McCroskey in Commun Res Rep 5(2):108–113, 1988) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Short Form (EPQRS-R) (1985). A sequence of moderated regression analyses showed that communicative competence significantly moderated the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and communication apprehension. The findings have implications for instructors, campus counselors and researchers and academic policy makers wishing to identify factors that may help academics cross communicative barriers, enrich the learning experience and enhance positive psychological functioning.

An Emotional Skills Intervention for Elementary Children with Autism in China: A Pilot Study Abstract The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of an emotional skills intervention on behavioral and emotional competence, as well as on communication for children with autism in China. Eight children (seven boys and one girl), aged 7 to 8, participated in this study. We used a pre and posttest group design. The intervention consisted of 10 group sessions and four individual sessions. Each group session had two or three children. The intervention curriculum consisted of emotion recognition, emotion recognition within context, self-expression of emotions, seeking help when encountering problems, and techniques for emotion regulation. Results indicated that the intervention significantly improved children's emotional skills, behavioral and emotional competence, and communication. The potential implications of this study for elementary children with autism in China are also discussed.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in the Cross-Cultural Context: An Extension of the Standard Paradigm from Individual to Country/Culture Level—A Brief Introduction into a New Research Line Abstract Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the golden standard for personalized evidence-based psychological interventions. The standard unit of analysis in CBT is the individual and/or small groups (e.g., couples, families, organizations). In a seminal book, Beck (Prisoners of Hate: The cognitive basis of anger, hostility, and violence, Harper Collins, New York, 2000) argued that the standard CBT paradigm should be extended to approach large societal problems (e.g., terrorism/violence). However, in this extension, most of the time, the unit of analysis is still the individual, but immersed in larger societal networks. In this article, we propose a major extension of the standard CBT paradigm in the cross-cultural context, using countries/cultures as units of analysis. In an era of globalization, when countries interact more and more with each other, and immigration has become a major world issue, such an extension can have an important practical and theoretical impact.

The Distinctive Associations of Interpersonal Problems with Personality Beliefs Within the Framework of Cognitive Theory of Personality Disorders Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between interpersonal problems and dysfunctional beliefs associated with personality disorders, within the framework of cognitive theory of personality disorders. Based on the proposition of cognitive theory, different dimensions of interpersonal problems which were assessed through the coordinates of interpersonal circumplex model were expected to be associated with specific categories of personality beliefs namely, deprecating, inflated, and ambivalent personality beliefs. Participants were 997 volunteer adults (304 males and 693 females) from Turkey, between the ages of 18 and 61. They completed the personality belief questionnaire, basic personality traits inventory, and inventory of interpersonal problems measures. Considering the well-established representations of personality disorders in Big Five space, and correspondence between five-factor model of personality and interpersonal circumplex model, the present study examined the hypothesized associations via a robust analysis where strongly relevant personality factors were statistically controlled for in each analysis. Results revealed that different dimensions of interpersonal problems distinctively associated with three personality belief categories; deprecating beliefs were associated with over-friendly submissiveness, inflated beliefs were associated with dominance, and ambivalent beliefs were associated with hostile/cold dominance. Findings supported the validity of cognitive formulations (view of self and view of others) of the personality disorders proposed by the cognitive theory, also highlighted the priority of interpersonal problems in personality psychopathology.

Examining the Mediating Role of Stress in the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Depression and Anxiety: Testing the Mindfulness Stress-Buffering Model Abstract Many studies have shown that mindfulness can reduce psychological distress; however, the mechanism underlying these effects is still unknown. Along these lines, the mindfulness stress-buffering model provides a hypothesis for explaining the effect of mindfulness on health outcomes through reducing stress. In order to test this model, we investigated the mediating role of stress in the relationship between mindfulness and depression and anxiety. Four hundred and thirty-two university students completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Data were analyzed by a structural equation modeling using the bootstrap resampling method (k = 10,000) using the AMOS 24.0 software. The results of the mediating model showed that stress fully mediated the relationship between mindfulness and depression and partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and anxiety in students. Our results suggest that mindfulness, at least partially, yields beneficial effects in reducing depression and anxiety through reducing stress. Therefore, our findings supported the mindfulness stress-buffering model.

A Network Approach to Depressive Disorders Abstract Treatments to depression often take a latent modeling approach whereby depressive symptoms are a common cause of the disorder. However, such an approach is not without problems. For example, covariance amongst indicators are deemed spurious. Network modeling has been proposed as an alternative way of explaining depression. The purpose of this article is to introduce the network approach and outline how it can be used to foster the development of effective treatment packages. Viewing depression as a network may result in a reduction in the number of patients experiencing depressive episodes.

Multiple Group IRT Measurement Invariance Analysis of the Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale in Thirteen International Samples Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the measurement invariance of the Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS) in terms of Item Response Theory differential test functioning in thirteen distinct samples (N = 7714) from twelve different countries. We assessed differential test functioning for the three FSCRS subscales, Inadequate-Self, Hated-Self and Reassured-Self separately. 32 of the 78 pairwise comparisons between samples for Inadequate-Self, 42 of the 78 pairwise comparisons for Reassured-Self and 54 of the 78 pairwise comparisons for Hated-Self demonstrated no differential test functioning, i.e. measurement invariance. Hated-Self was the most invariant of the three subscales, suggesting that self-hatred is similarly perceived across different cultures. Nonetheless, all three subscales of FSCRS are sensitive to cross-cultural differences. Considering the possible cultural and linguistic differences in the expression of self-criticism and self-reassurance, future analyses of the meanings and connotations of these constructs across the world are necessary in order to develop or tailor a scale which allows cross-cultural comparisons of various treatment outcomes related to self-criticism.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com