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Group 2 innate lymphoid cells and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 Nov 29;:
Authors: Tojima I, Shimizu T
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease and is recently classified into two phenotypes, eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) and non-ECRS. ECRS is characterized by Th2-biased eosinophilic inflammation, and non-ECRS is characterized by Th1-biased neutrophilic inflammation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) rapidly produce large amounts of Th2 cytokines and exert critical roles in Th2-type immune responses. We summarize our current knowledge about the pathogenic roles of ILC2s in ECRS.
RECENT FINDINGS: The prevalence of ILC2s is increased in nasal polyps, and it is positively correlated with the number of infiltrating eosinophils. Epithelium-derived cytokines (IL-33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin), cysteinyl leukotrienes, and prostaglandin D2 stimulate the production of Th2 cytokines from ILC2s, which drives eosinophilic inflammation in nasal mucosa. Regulation of ILC2s would be a novel therapeutic approach for the refractory and/or recurrent cases of ECRS.
SUMMARY: Increased ILC2s play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ECRS by producing large amounts of Th2 cytokines, which lead to Th2-type eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps.
PMID: 30507713 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from PubMed via alexandrossfakianakis on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2L0YFWN
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