Cytokine, chemokine and cytokine receptor changes are associated with metabolic improvements after bariatric surgery.

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Cytokine, chemokine and cytokine receptor changes are associated with metabolic improvements after bariatric surgery.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Dec 13;:

Authors: Wolf RM, Jaffe AE, Steele KE, Schweitzer MA, Magnuson TH, Wolfe A, Wong GW

Abstract
Context: Altered cytokine levels and chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to metabolic dysfunction in obesity. The extent of cytokine changes and their impact on metabolic improvements following bariatric surgery has not been fully explored.
Objective: To compare 76 circulating cytokines, chemokines, and secreted cytokine receptors in obese and lean subjects, and determine how these cytokines are altered by bariatric surgery.
Design, Setting and Participants: 37 obese and 37 lean patients in a cross-sectional study at an academic medical center. We further investigated cytokine changes in 25 obese patients after bariatric surgery.
Intervention: Bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy).
Main outcome measures: Quantification of 76 circulating cytokines, chemokines, secreted cytokine receptors.
Results: 13 cytokines were significantly increased, and 4 reduced, in obesity relative to lean controls. sVEGFR2, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 were positively correlated, and sRAGE was inversely correlated, with weight and BMI. sTNFR2 was positively correlated with fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c. After bariatric surgery, adiponectin increased, and leptin decreased. Elevated sVEGFR2 levels in obese individuals were decreased (p=0.01), whereas reduced CXCL12 levels in obese patients increased (p=0.03) after surgery. Patients with higher sIL-1R2 and sIL-6R levels pre-surgery had greater weight loss after surgery (p<0.05).
Conclusions: We demonstrate for the first time that CCL14, sVEGFR2, PDGF-BB are elevated in obesity, and CXCL12, CCL11, CCL27 are lower in obesity. We found clinically concordant directionality between lean versus obese and pre- versus post-surgery for 6 cytokines, suggesting that bariatric surgery shifted the cytokine profiles of obese patients toward that of lean controls.

PMID: 30544212 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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