Abstract
Aim
To compare the efficacy of adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cell and adipose-derived stromal cell (ADSC) sheets for regenerative treatment of intrabony periodontal defects.
Material and Methods
DFAT cells were obtained using the ceiling culture method and were compared with ADSCs using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation assay, surface antigen identification, and multilineage differentiation assays. DFAT and ADSC sheets were prepared in cell sheet culture medium. The biological characteristics of DFAT cell and ADSC sheets were compared using haematoxylin and eosin staining, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. Micro-computed tomography and histological staining were used to compare the effects of the two cell sheets on the repair of periodontal intrabony defects in rats.
Results
DFAT cells and ADSCs demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. Both cell type were CD29-, CD90-, and CD146-positive and CD31-, CD34-, and CD45-negative. DFAT cells and ADSCs exhibited similar osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capabilities, and colony-formation ability. DFAT cells displayed stronger proliferation capabilities compared to ADSCs. Compared with the ADSC sheets, DFAT cell sheets exhibited a higher expression of periodontal-related genes and proteins and greater ability to regenerate periodontal tissue.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that DFAT cell sheets are an ideal seed cell source and form of cell delivery for periodontal intrabony defects.
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