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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης

Tuesday, November 9, 2021

CAR-T cells Targeting TSHR Demonstrate Safety and Potent Preclinical Activity Against Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

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J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Nov 9:dgab819. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab819. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) have been demonstrated remarkable efficacy in hematological cancers but have not yet translated in treating solid tumors. The significant hurdles limiting CAR-T therapy were due to a paucity of differentially expressed cell surface molecules on solid tumors that can be safely targeted. Here, we present thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) as a putative target for CAR-T therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

METHODS: We undertook a large-scale screen on thyroid cancer tissues and multiple internal organs through bioinformatical analysis and immunohistochemistry to date TSHR expression. Using three previously described mAb, we generate three third-generation CAR-Ts. We tested anti-TSHR CAR-T in vitro activity by T-cell function and killing assay. Then we tested pre-clinical therapeutical efficacy in a xenograft mouse model of DTC and analyzed mice's physical conditions and histological abnormalities to evaluate anti-TSHR CAR-T's safety.

RESULTS: TSHR is highly and homogeneously expressed on 90.8% (138/152) of papillary thyroid cancer, 89.2% (33/37) of follicular thyroid cancer, 78.2% (18/23) of the cervical lymph node metastases, and 86.7% of RAI-R diseases. We developed three novel anti-TSHR CAR-T from mAb M22, K1-18, and K1-70; all three CAR-Ts mediate significant anti-tu mor activity in vitro. Among these, we demonstrate that K1-70 CAR-T can have therapeutical efficacy in vivo, and no apparent toxicity has been observed.

CONCLUSION: TSHR is a latent target antigen of CAR-T therapy for DTC. Anti-TSHR CAR-T could represent a therapeutic option for patients with local-regional relapsed or distant metastases of thyroid cancer and should be tested in carefully designed clinical trials.

PMID:34751400 | DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgab819

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