Patients with resected stage IIIB, IIIC and IIID melanomas have a high risk of recurrence. Therefore, an appropriate protocol for stage III melanoma is needed. Since adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib (D+T) combined therapy and anti-PD1 antibody (Ab) therapy reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with resected st age III BRAF-mutated melanoma, selecting the adjuvant therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma is controversial. The efficacy and safety profiles of D+T combined therapy in the adjuvant setting were retrospectively analyzed in 36 Japanese. BRAF-mutated advanced melanoma patients. The relapse-free rate (RFR) at 12 months was 82.1% (95% confidential interval (CI), 63.9–92.6%). In the 21 patients who completed the protocol, the RFR at 12 months was 85.7% (95% CI, 64.5–95.9%). In the seven patients whose protocol was interrupted by adverse events, the RFR was 71.4% (95% CI, 35.2–92.4%). The incidence rate of any AEs for all patients was 69.7% (95% CI, 52.5–82.8%), including 13 cases of pyrexia, five cases of skin rash and four cases of liver dysfunction. The present study suggested that D+T therapy in the adjuvant setting is a useful and very tolerable protocol for BRAF-mutated melanoma in the Japanese population. Received 8 June 2021 Accepted 14 July 2021 Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.melanomaresearch.com. Correspondence to Taku Fujimura, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan, Tel: +81 22 717 7271; fax: +81 22 717 7361; e-mail: tfujimura1@mac.com Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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