Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cellular physiology and tumor biology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cellular physiology and tumor biology Via American Journal of Cancer Research Am J Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 15;11(8):3766-3776. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a mechanism that has been used to explain the formation of known organelles (e.g. nucleoli, promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs), etc) as well as other membraneless condensates (e.g. nucleosome arrays, DNA damage foci, X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) center, paraspeckles, stress granules, proteasomes, autophagosomes, etc). The formation of membraneless condensates could be triggered by proteins containing modular domains or intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) and nucleic acids. Multiple biological processes including transcription, chromatin organization, X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), DNA damage, tumorigenesis, autophagy, etc have been shown to utilize the principle of LLPS to facilitate these processes. This review will summarize the principle and components of LLPS, and describe how LLPS regu late these numerous biological processes and disruption of LLPS would cause disease formation. The role of LLPS in regulating normal cellular physiology and contributing to tumorigenesis will be discussed. PMID:34522448 | PMC:PMC8414392 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.