Regulation of the long noncoding RNA XIST on the inflammatory polarization of microglia in cerebral infarction

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Regulation of the long noncoding RNA XIST on the inflammatory polarization of microglia in cerebral infarction Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Sep;22(3):924. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10356. Epub 2021 Jun 30. ABSTRACT Proinflammatory polarization of microglia aggravates brain injury in cerebral infarction. The present study focused on the role of long non-coding (lnc)RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in the phenotype modulation of microglia. It was revealed that lncRNA XIST was significantly upregulated in both a mouse cerebral infarction model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and an activated microglial model induced by oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). The overexpression of XIST enhanced the expression and release of pro-inflammatory mediators [such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and iNOS] in microglia. Culture supernatant from lncRNA XIST-overexpressed microglial cells induced the apoptosis of primary neurons, while TNF-α antibody counteracted this neurotoxic effect. LncRNA XIST served as a sponge for miR-96-5p, counterac ting its inhibitory effect on IKKβ/NF-κB signaling and TNF-α production. Notably, TNF-α was positively regulated by XIST and in turn enhanced XIST expression in microglia. The lncRNA XIST-TNF-α feedback promoted the proinflammatory polarization of microglia, thereby exacerbating cerebral neuron apoptosis. PMID:34306193 | PMC:PMC8281447 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.103 56 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.