The influence of horizontal glass fiber posts on fracture strength and fracture pattern of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro studies

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The influence of horizontal glass fiber posts on fracture strength and fracture pattern of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro studies via Journal of Prosthodontics Abstract Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence regarding the effect of horizontal glass fiber posts (HGFP) on fracture strength and fracture pattern of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) compared to controls without HGFP. The review protocol was registered on the OSF registries. Methods Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, and ProQuest for all relevant studies published up to Feb 2022. All in vitro studies that assessed the influence of HGFPs on fracture strength and fracture pattern of ETT whether MOD or MO or DO cavities were considered eligible. Review Manager (RevMan) was used for the meta-analysis. Subgroup and funnel plot analyses were also performed. Quality assessment was conducted by two independent reviewers. Results A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 10 studies underwent quantitative evaluation. The pooled effect showed that fracture resistance of molar teeth restored with HGFP was significantly higher than teeth without HGFP (SMD: 1.61, 95% CI: 0.14, 3.09, p = 0.03), whereas marginally significant for premolars (SMD: 1.36, 95% CI: -0.00, 2.73, p = 0.05). Regarding fracture patterns, the presence of a HGFP significantly increased the occurrence of restorable fracture patterns for premolars (OR: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.60, 10.82, p = 0.004) compared to controls, whereas the difference was not significant for molars (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.43, 2.77, p = 0.85). Moderate risk of bias was identified in 9/12 studies; one study showed high risk of bias and two studies showed low risk of bias. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, there is evidence from in vitro studies that the use of HGFP increases the fracture resistance of the ETT when compared to teeth without HGFP and also reduces the occurrence of non-restorable fractures for premolars. However, a well-conducted in vitro and a prospective clinical studies are warranted to validate this finding. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Prevention of peri‐implant disease in edentulous patients with fixed implant rehabilitations

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevention of peri‐implant disease in edentulous patients with fixed implant rehabilitations via Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Abstract Objectives To provide an overview about the current approaches to prevent peri-implant diseases in edentulous patients with complete-arch implant-supported prostheses, and to review the clinical applications of the latest digital technologies for implant prosthodontics. Methods A review of the guidelines to prevent peri-implant diseases in patient's receiving complete-arch implant-supported prostheses including facially driven treatment planning procedures using either conventional or digital methods, computer-aided implant planning procedures, and prosthodontic design variables including the optimal number and distribution of dental implants, implant to abutment connection type, implant or abutment level design, screw- or cement-retained alternatives, prostheses contours, and material selection is provided. Furthermore, an outline of the current therapeutic management approaches to address peri-implant diseases is reviewed. Conclusions Clinicians should understand and know different planning and design-related variables that can affect biological and mechanical complication rates of complete-arch implant-supported prostheses. Maintenance protocols are fundamental for minimizing biological and mechanical complications. View on Web

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Pathogen‐agnostic immune biomarkers that predict infection after solid organ transplantation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Pathogen‐agnostic immune biomarkers that predict infection after solid organ transplantation via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) remain at high risk for infection throughout their post-transplant course. Dosing of immunosuppressive medications, strategies that prevent infection, and choice of empiric antimicrobial treatment could be optimized by a better understanding of an individual patient's risk for infectious complications. Diagnostic tests that qualitatively or quantitatively measure the function of the immune system and/or its response to infection may be useful for individualized management decisions. Numerous studies have identified an association between infectious outcomes after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and the results of a variety of non-pathogen-specific or "pathogen-agnostic" immune monitoring tests. These biomarkers include humoral immune markers, functional or quantitative assessments of cellular immunity, transcriptomic-based diagnostics, and replication of viruses within the human virome, which have been used to predict or diagnose a v ariety of different infectious diseases complicating SOT. In this narrative review, we discuss several host-derived immune biomarkers that show promise for either predicting or diagnosing infection among SOTRs. However, additional studies are needed to determine the optimal use of immune response testing. Whether immune biomarkers contribute added benefits to current standard clinical care has not yet been determined. Testing must be validated across a range of clinical scenarios, including surveillance to predict infection risk and diagnosis of active infection at various time points post transplant. View on Web

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Exposure Characterization of Wood Dust Particulate, Endotoxins, and (1–3)-β-d-Glucans, and Their Determinants in Mozambiquan Wood Processing Workers

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Exposure Characterization of Wood Dust Particulate, Endotoxins, and (1–3)-β-d-Glucans, and Their Determinants in Mozambiquan Wood Processing Workers via Annals of Work Exposures and Health Advance Access Abstract Objectives Dust generated from wood processing comprises a heterogeneous mixture of inorganic and organic particles, including wood fragments, microorganisms, endotoxins, (1–3)-β-d-glucans, and allergens. This study characterized exposure to wood dust and its determinants in the Mozambiquan wood processing industry. Methods A total of 124 personal inhalable samples, collected from a stratified random sample of 30 workers, were analysed for dust particulate, endotoxins, and (1–3)-β-d-glucans. Mixed-effects models were developed to investigate significant exposure determinants. Results The geometric mean (GM) inhalable dust particulate concentrations were 3.29 mg m−3, 98 endotoxin units (EU) m−3, and 123 ng m−3 for (1–3)-β-d-glucans. Significant predictors for higher particulate levels included machinery (GMR = 1.93), sawing (GMR = 2.80), carpentry (GMR = 2.77), or painting (GMR = 3.03) tasks. Lebombo-ironwood species was associated with higher dust particulate levels (GMR = 1.97). Determinants of endotoxin concentrations included working with dry wood and damp cleaning methods, which were associated with lower levels. Working in closed buildings (GMR = 3.10) and dry sweeping methods were associated with higher (1–3)-β-d-glucan concentrations (GMR = 1.99). Conclusions Work tasks in certain exposure groups (machinery, sawing, carpentry, painting), processing certain wood species (Lebombo-ironwood) and working in closed buildings were associated with higher exposures, whilst using dry wood and damp cleaning practices reduced exposure levels. View on Web

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Perio‐prosthodontic pontic site management, part I: Pontic designs and their current applications

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Perio‐prosthodontic pontic site management, part I: Pontic designs and their current applications via Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry Abstract Objective Emulating natural dentition with dental implant restorations is challenging, increasing its complexity when a pontic area must be restored. Many different methods have been described to solve this problem. The pontic designs which have been proposed have specific indications and may require additional treatments, including soft tissue augmentation procedures, to increase the possibility of an esthetically pleasing and biologically tolerable outcome. Proper conditioning of the soft tissues during the interim restoration stage and adequate communication with the laboratory are also critical factors to a successful outcome. This article describes the different approaches to restoring pontic sites with different degrees of complexity, their clinical indications, and limitations viewed from a perio-prosthodontic approach. Clinical Considerations Different clinical scenarios for pontic sites require different approaches. Missing hard and soft tissues can be replaced by surgical or prosthetic means. Understanding the clinical indications and implications of the different pontic designs allows the clinician to make good decisions when planning and treating patients that require replacement of pontic spaces leading to more successful outcomes. Conclusions Different pontic designs have specific indications as well as biologic and esthetic prognoses. Selection of a good design, proper modifications during the provisionalization stage, and adequate communication with the dental laboratory will lead to higher chances of esthetic and biological success. Clinical Significance The proper pontic design allows for esthetically pleasing pontic sites which emulate natural emergence from the soft tissues while promoting biological stability. View on Web

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The association among insomnia symptom severity, comorbid symptoms, and suicidal ideation in two veteran cohorts meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The association among insomnia symptom severity, comorbid symptoms, and suicidal ideation in two veteran cohorts meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Objective Examine the association between insomnia symptom severity and suicidal ideation (SI), after adjusting for clinical comorbidity in veterans meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. Methods Secondary data analyses of psychometrically validated baseline assessments of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety symptoms from two online insomnia intervention randomized clinical trials (n = 232; n = 80) were conducted. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the association between insomnia symptom severity and SI, after controlling for clinical comorbidity and demographics. Results Insomnia symptom severity was significantly correlated with comorbid depression, PTSD, and anxiety symptoms in both cohorts and significantly correlated with SI in one. After controlling for demographics and clinical comorbidity, insomnia symptom severity was not significantly associated with SI in linear regression models. Conclusion Findings extend insomnia-suicide research by providing evidence that insomnia symptom severity may not confer a unique risk for SI above comorbid mental health symptoms in veterans meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. View on Web

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Analgesic Effectiveness of Preoperative Ultrasound‐Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Paravertebral Nerve Block for Breast Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Analgesic Effectiveness of Preoperative Ultrasound‐Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Paravertebral Nerve Block for Breast Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials via Pain Practice Abstract Objective Our meta-analysis aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of ultrasound-guided preoperative erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus paravertebral nerve block (PVB) in breast surgery. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) between January 1, 1980 and April 31, 2021 . The primary endpoints were perioperative pain score, analgesic consumption and assessment of block procedure. The secondary endpoints were intraoperative haemodynamic response, duration of surgery, postoperative antiemetic consumption and adverse effects. Results Four RCTs comprised of a total of 310 patients were included in our meta-analysis. No significant differences in the perioperative pain score and analgesic consumption were observed between ESPB and PVB in the operating room, post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and ward (at 1, 16, 12, and 24 hour, and the morning of postoperative day 1 (POD1) (all P > 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences in the duration of block, time to first analgesic, haemodynamic response, duration of surgery, postoperative antiemetic consumption and adverse effects were observed (all P > 0.05). However, our meta-analysis revealed that ultrasound-guided preoperative ESPB significantly reduced the duration of procedure time and frequency of guidance interventions, as well as increasing the block success rate among residents (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Both ultrasound-guided preoperative ESPB and PVB showed comparable analgesic effects in patients undergoing breast surgery. However, with a significantly shorter procedure time and higher block success rate, our findings suggest that ESPB may be a simple alternative to PVB in breast surgery. View on Web

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