Postoperative analysis of osseous midface reconstructions: The value of imaging and a novel scoring system for complexity and operative success

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative analysis of osseous midface reconstructions: The value of imaging and a novel scoring system for complexity and operative success via Head & Neck Abstract Background Few standardized methods exist for evaluating the postoperative outcomes of osteocutaneous free flaps. We propose an anatomic-based scoring system for midface free flap reconstruction. Methods One hundred and twelve patients across four institutions underwent osteocutaneous reconstruction of the midface. Postoperative scans were scored based on the number of independent osseous subunits reconstructed (Subunit Score), the number of different bony appositions with bony contact (Contact Score), and the number of osseous segments in anatomic position (Position Score). These were added together to create a Total Score. Results Osteocutaneous radial forearm flaps had the lowest Subunit Score (p = 0.001). Fibula flaps had the highest Contact Score (p = 0.0008) and Position Score (p = 0.001). Virtual surgical planning was associated with an increased Subunit Score (p = 0.02) and Total Score (p = 0.04). Conclusions We propose a novel scoring system for osseous midface reconstruction based on postoperative imaging scans. This can help guide management decisions and create a common language to compare outcomes. View on Web

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Diagnostic efficacy of positron emission computerized tomography scans in suspicious laryngeal findings postorgan preservation treatment

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnostic efficacy of positron emission computerized tomography scans in suspicious laryngeal findings postorgan preservation treatment via Head & Neck Abstract Background Larynx preservation protocols (LPP) for glottic primary squamous cell carcinoma has gained popularity worldwide. Direct laryngoscopy (DL) with biopsy is mandated when recurrence is suspected. The efficacy of 18Fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission computerized tomography (PET-CT) as alternative first-line diagnostic investigation in suspected recurrence was evaluated. Methods A retrospective study of patients with suspicious fiber-optic findings at more than 12 weeks after LPP. Sensitivity, specificity, and the negative predictive value (NPV) of DL and PET-CT were compared. Results Seventy-two patients presenting 105 cases of suspicious events were included in this study. Fifty-two events were initially investigated by DL and 53 events by PET-CT. The sensitivity of DL and PET-CT was 56.25% and 100%, respectively. The NPV was 84% for DL and 100% for PET-CT (p = 0.015). Conclusion Negative PET scans after LPP are highly accurate in ruling out recurrent/persistent disease and may spare the patient from negative biopsies. View on Web

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The emerging roles of IFIT3 in antiviral innate immunity and cellular biology

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The emerging roles of IFIT3 in antiviral innate immunity and cellular biology via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract The interferon inducible protein with tetrapeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) is one of the most important members in both the IFIT family and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) family. IFIT3 has typical features of the IFIT family in terms of gene and protein structures, and is able to be activated through the classical PRRs-IFN-JAK/STAT pathway. A variety of viruses can induce the expression of IFIT3, which in turn inhibits the replication of viruses, with the underlying mechanism showing its crucial role in antiviral innate immunity. Emerging studies have also identified that IFIT3 is involved in cellular biology changes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and cancer development. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of IFIT3 with respect to molecular structure and regulatory pathways, highlighting the role of IFIT3 in antiviral innate immunity, as well as its diverse biological roles. We also discuss the potential of IFIT3 as a bi omarker in disease diagnosis and therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Cidofovir‐induced anterior uveitis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cidofovir‐induced anterior uveitis in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Anterior uveitis is a reported complication of intravenous cidofovir, almost exclusively described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients treated for cytomegalovirus retinitis. In this study, we report the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with significant visual impairment and hypotony following administration of high-dose intravenous cidofovir for hemorrhagic cystitis due to BK virus. View on Web

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The Use of Dissemination and Implementation to Improve Multimodal Analgesia in Head and Neck Surgery

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Use of Dissemination and Implementation to Improve Multimodal Analgesia in Head and Neck Surgery via The Laryngoscope The use of a multimodal analgesia approach in a Randomized Clinical Trial including acetaminophen, ketorolac, gabapentin, and a neurogenic extremity block in patients undergoing major head and neck ablative and reconstructive surgery significantly reduced the need for opioids in the immediate postoperative period of a seven-day hospital stay. Coordination of care and reducing variability in pain medication administration were highly dependent on dissemination and implementation processes put in place for perioperative phases of care. Objectives To optimize the delivery of multimodal analgesia to patients undergoing major head and neck oncologic surgeries. Methods Pilot study included patients enrolled to receive either scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids (control group) or scheduled acetaminophen, gabapentin, ketorolac, and as-needed opioids (experimental group). RCT, a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation pragmatic trial, was designed to test the effectiveness of the intervention. Arm A received scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids. Arm B received scheduled gabapentin, ketorolac, a regional nerve block at the free tissue donor site, scheduled acetaminophen and as-needed opioids. Results Pilot: Thirty-one patients undergoing major head and neck surgery were enrolled. Mean MMEs administered in control group (n = 15) was 251.60 mg (SD = 224.57 mg); mean MMEs in Experimental group (n = 16) was 195.78 mg (SD = 131.08 mg), p = 0.401. LOS was 8.0 days in control versus 7.0 days in experimental group (p = 0.054). RCT: Interim analysis for safety and futility was planned during trial's design after 30 patients (n = 14 Arm A, and n = 16 Arm B). Mean MMEs administered were 135.1 mg in Arm A, (SD = 86.0 mg) versus mean MME of 51.3 mg in Arm B (SD = 43.3 mg, (p < 0.05)). Given clear superiority results, the trial was prematurely terminated. Functional pain scores, LOS, and complications were similar between the arms (p > 0.05). Variability of mean MME was compared before and after implementation of the management protocols: SD in RCT#1 was 181.46 mg versus 124.6 mg in RCT#2. Conclusion Multimodal analgesia significantly reduced the need for opioids in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery. Level of Evidence 1, Randomized Clinical Trial Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 as an oral probiotic and its anti‐biofilm activity

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 as an oral probiotic and its anti‐biofilm activity via Molecular Oral Microbiology Abstract Lactic acid bacteria have been widely used as probiotics for improving gut health. However, studies on oral probiotics were very limited. In this study, 67 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented food and screened for antagonistic activity against Streptococcus mutans, the causative pathogen of dental caries. Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 showed the highest antagonistic activity against S. mutans KCTC3065. L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also showed oral probiotic characteristics including weak acid production, lysozyme tolerance, adhesion to oral epithelial cell (YD-38), antibiotic susceptibility, and good co-aggregation ability with S. mutans. Furthermore, the biofilm formation of S. mutans was significantly reduced when co-cultured with L. mesenteroides. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that amounts of attached bacteria of S. mutans and network-like structures were significantly reduced by L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) of L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also greatly inhibited biofilm formation of S. mutans from the adherent stage, the activity remained even after it was treated with catalase, trypsin, or pH neutralized. Expression levels of biofilm formation-related genes were significantly reduced in S. mutans when it was treated with the CFS of L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Therefore, L. mesenteroides MJM60376 has great potential to be used as a multifunctional oral health ingredient. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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The Influence of Age on the Frequency of Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity During Sleep in General Population differs from that in Clinical Research Samples

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The Influence of Age on the Frequency of Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity During Sleep in General Population differs from that in Clinical Research Samples via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Introduction During sleep, limb and jaw muscle motor activity can be quantified by electromyography (EMG). The frequency of periodic limb activity during sleep increases with age in both the general and clinical research populations. The literature is controversial regarding stability, over age, of the frequency of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA), which is one biomarker of sleep bruxism (SB). The purpose of this retrospective sleep laboratory study was to assess if any change in RMMA frequency occurs over age in the general population (GP) and two clinical research (CR) samples. Method RMMA signals from polysomnography (PSG) recordings of 465 individuals, irrespective of SB awareness, were analysed. The sample comprised 164 individuals from the GP of Sao Paulo, and 301 individuals from Montreal and Osaka CR samples. Data were divided into two subgroups, younger (15–39) and older (40–80) participants. RMMA was classified as low frequency (<2 events/hr) or high (>2 events/hr). Pearson correlation (R) and B (slope) analyses were performed with power estimations. Results In the GP sample, no significant change over age was noted in the RMMA index/year. In the CR samples, a significant reduction was observed in the RMMA index/year (-0.05) with age (R2=0.042; p<0.001; 3.5 to 1.5 RMMA/hr from 20 to 60 years old). Conclusions In the GP, the RMMA index remained stable over age. In the CR samples, a significant, reduction was observed. Prospective studies with multiple home sleep recordings, in both general and clinical research populations, are needed before extrapolating from the present findings. View on Web

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