Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes inhibit transforming growth factor-β1-induced collagen synthesis in oral mucosal fibroblasts

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes inhibit transforming growth factor-β1-induced collagen synthesis in oral mucosal fibroblasts Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Dec;22(6):1419. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10854. Epub 2021 Oct 11. ABSTRACT Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is a potentially malignant oral disorder that requires the further development of advanced treatment strategies. TGF-β1 has been reported to be the main trigger for the increased collagen production and reduced activity of matrix degradation pathways in OSF. Exosomes are key mediators of paracrine signaling that have been proposed for direct use as therapeutic agents for tissue repair and regeneration. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) exosomes (ADSC-Exos) on TGF-β1-treated oral fibroblasts in vitro and to unravel the potential underlying mechanism of action. Oral mucosal fibroblasts were obtained from the buccal tissues of patients without OSF during extraction of the third molar. ADSCs were obtained from three healthy female individual s during liposuction procedures. ADSC-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking and western blotting. Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry staining were performed to measure the expression levels of vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin in the fibroblasts. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins associated with collagen production. The p38 MAPK activator anisomycin was used to identify the underlying mechanisms of the effects of ADSC-Exos on TGF-β1-induced collagen synthesis in oral mucosal fibroblasts. The results of the present study revealed that ADSC-Exos exhibited a cup- or sphere-shaped morphology, with a mean diameter of 58.01±16.17 nm. ADSC-Exos were also found to be positive for CD63 and tumor susceptibility 101 expression. ADSC-Exos treatment reversed the TGF-β1-induced upregulation of collagen I and III protein expressi on. In addition, in the presence of TGF-β1, the expression levels of collagen type I α 1 chain and collagen type III α 1 chain mRNA were downregulated, whilst the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1 and MMP3 were upregulated following ADSC-Exos treatment. The TGF-β1-induced upregulation in the phosphorylation of p38 in addition to the increased protein expression of collagens I and III were also reversed in fibroblasts following ADSC-Exos treatment. However, anisomycin treatment alleviated these ADSC-Exos-induced changes. In conclusion, findings from the present study suggest that ADSC-Exos may represent a promising strategy for OSF treatment by targeting the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. PMID:34707701 | PMC :PMC8543178 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10854 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Case 33-2021: A 68-Year-Old Man with Painful Mouth Ulcers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: A 68-year-old man was admitted with painful mouth ulcers and weight loss of 6 weeks' duration. The ulcers had worsened despite treatment with acyclovir, prednisone, and colchicine. The blood eosinophil count was increased, and the patient was positive for the HLA-B51 allele. A diagnostic procedure was performed. Behçet's disease (BD) has been known to be strongly associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B51. This B51 association has been confirmed in many different ethnic groups between the Middle East and Japan, and it has been proposed that BD is prevalent in those ethnic groups along the old Silk Route. Case 33-2021: A 68-Year-Old Man with Painful Mouth Ulcers Via The New England Journal of Medicine: Otolaryngology Presentation of Case. Dr. Ian D. Cooley (Medicine): A 68-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of painful mouth ulcers and weight loss. The patient had been well until 6 weeks before the current admission, when painful mouth ulcers and neck pain developed. He was evaluated at an urgent… View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Midline crossing pulmonary vein: right upper lobe dual venous drainage, with partial anomalous venous return of the right lung into a persistent left superior vena cava

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Midline crossing pulmonary vein: right upper lobe dual venous drainage, with partial anomalous venous return of the right lung into a persistent left superior vena cava Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Oct 28. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02849-9. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: We present a case of dual drainage of the right upper lobe of the lung into the left atrium and via partial anomalous venous pulmonary return (PAPVR) into a persistent left superior vena cava (SVC). DISCUSSION: It is only in the minority of PAPVR cases where the anomalous pulmonary veins cross the midline. We provide a review of current literature on this topic and an explanatory embryological model. Knowledge of embryonic development and possible anatomic variations, including the concept of dual venous drainage of the lung, leads to better interpretation of imaging, with more accurate description of the morphology at hand. High-resolution multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) helps to delineate the exact vascular anatomy. This will enhance a better understanding of and anticipation on the patient's disease status, with more accurate planning of intervention, and possibly less complications. PMID:34709422 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02849-9 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Otology

EDITORIAL

The limitations of pure-tone audiometry (as the gold standard test of hearing) that are worthy of consideration [pg. 1]
Mohd Normani Zakaria
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Inner ear malformations in cochlear implant recipients [pg. 3]
Luan Viet Tran, Vu Anh Duong, Saim Lokman
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Anatomical variations of round window in different age groups and surgical difficulties associated with them during cochlear implantation [pg. 7]
Rabindra Bhakta Pradhananga, Bigyan Raj Gyawali, Pabina Rayamajhi, Bebek Bhattarai
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Validity of modified whisper test as hearing screening method in presbycusis patients [pg. 11]
Rizki Najoan, Nyilo Purnami
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Detection of two pathogenesis previously unreported myosin xva pathogenic variants in two large Iranian pedigrees with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss [pg. 14]
Fatemeh Azadegan-Dehkordi, Korosh Ashrafi, Gholam Reza Mobini, Nasrin Yazdanpanahi, Maryam Shirzad, Effat Farrokhi, Morteza Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori
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Chronic suppurative otitis media and microbial flora: Adult versus pediatric population [pg. 22]
Ashish Chandra Agarwal, Anitya Srivastava, Manodeep Sen
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Risk of hepatic toxicity and drug response in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media [pg. 26]
S M Tariq Rafi, Shafaque Mehboob, Mejabeen , Naila Tariq, Hurithmina Khan, Moona Mehboob
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Speech intelligibility enhancement in elderly with high-frequency hearing loss through visual speech perception [pg. 30]
Himanshu Chaurasiya
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Effectiveness of intratympanic dexamethasone as salvage therapy in treating sudden sensorineural hearing loss [pg. 36]
Bigyan Raj Gyawali, Rabindra Bhakta Pradhanaga, Pabina Rayamajhi
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Prospective study of use of Island of tragal cartilage in revision tympanoplasty [pg. 40]
Bhavika Verma, Naresh Dawat, Yogesh G Dabholkar, Sachin J Patil
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Antimicrobial susceptibility in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media in a North-Central secondary health facility in Nigeria [pg. 44]
Solomon Joseph Hassan, Yikawe Stephen Semen, Dabit Othniel Josep, Ekuma Otu Gabriel, Osisi Kingsley, Solomon Ndudiri Calista
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Conducting Fukuda stepping test in a noisy clinic and the effects of sound [pg. 47]
Carren Sui Lin Teh, Erica Anak Gima, Hani Binti Mamat, Meng Hon Lye, Sobani Bin Din, Narayanan Prepageran
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Transoral endoscopic vestibular approach Sistrunk procedure: First reported case series

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Transoral endoscopic vestibular approach Sistrunk procedure: First reported case series Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Standard of care for management of thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) is a Sistrunk procedure performed through a transcervical incision. We describe the first series of Sistrunk procedures performed through a transoral endoscopic vestibular approach, eliminating a visible external scar. Methods The transoral endoscopic vestibular approach to the Sistrunk (TEVAS) was performed in patients with TGDCs meeting inclusion criteria who desired a scarless approach. Results Six patients (five females and one male) underwent TEVAS, with a mean age of 38 years (range 16–56 years) and a mean TGDC size of 1.8 cm (range 1.1–2.4 cm). Mean operative time was approximately 5 h (range 2–8 h). There were no surgical complications or recurrences. Conclusions For appropriately selected patients, the TEVAS is an alternative to open neck surgery that provides improved cosmesis while maintaining successful resection outcomes. More data on outcomes including complications and recurrences are needed as additional case information is collected. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

High expression of NFX1‐123 in HPV positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader High expression of NFX1‐123 in HPV positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas Via Head & Neck Abstract Background High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPV) cause nearly all cervical cancers and, in the United States, the majority of head and neck cancers (HNSCCs). NFX1-123 is overexpressed in cervical cancers, and NFX1-123 partners with the HR HPV type 16 E6 oncoprotein to affect multiple growth, differentiation, and immune response genes. However, neither the expression of NFX1-123 nor the levels of these genes have been investigated in HPV positive (HPV+) or negative (HPV−) HNSCCs. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas Splicing Variants Database and HNSCC cell lines were used to quantify expression of NFX1-123 and cellular genes increased in cervical cancers. Results NFX1-123 was increased in HPV+ HNSCCs compared to HPV− HNSCCs. LCE1B, KRT16, SPRR2G, and FBN2 were highly expressed in HNSCCs compared to normal tissues. Notch1 and CCNB1IP1 had greater expression in HPV+ HNSCCs compared to HPV− HNSCCs. Conclusion NFX1-123 and a subset of its known targets were increased in HPV+ HNSCCs. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hyperintensity of integrin‐targeted fluorescence agent IntegriSense750 accurately predicts flap necrosis compared to Indocyanine green

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hyperintensity of integrin‐targeted fluorescence agent IntegriSense750 accurately predicts flap necrosis compared to Indocyanine green Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Flap necrosis is a feared complication of reconstructive surgery. Current methods of prediction using Indocyanine green (ICG) lack specificity. IntegriSense750 is a fluorescence agent that binds sites of vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that IntegriSense750 better predicts flap compromise compared to ICG. Methods Fifteen mice underwent lateral thoracic artery axial flap harvest. Mice received an injection of ICG (n = 7) or IntegriSense750 (n = 8) daily from postoperative days (POD) 0–3 and were imaged daily. Mean signal-to-background ratios quantified the change in fluorescence as necrosis progressed. Results Mean signal-to-background ratio was significantly higher for IntegriSense750 compared to ICG on POD0 (1.47 ± 0.17 vs. 0.86 ± 0.21, p = 0.01) and daily through POD3 (2.12 ± 0.70 vs. 0.96 ± 0.29, p < 0.001). Conclusions IntegriSense750 demonstrates increased signal-to-background ratio at areas of flap distress compared to ICG which may increase identification of flap necrosis and improve patient outcomes. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.