Short‐term Oral Steroids Significantly Improves Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without Nasal Polyps

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Short‐term Oral Steroids Significantly Improves Chronic Rhinosinusitis Without Nasal Polyps Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis The efficacy of short‐term oral corticosteroids in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is unknown. The aim of this controlled study was to assess the immediate and long‐term outcomes from a short course of a commonly used oral corticosteroid, prednisolone, in well‐defined CRSsNP patients. Study Design Prospective, observational controlled study. Methods A prospective‐controlled study of CRSsNP patients treated with prednisolone at 0.5 mg/kg tapered over 10 days and non‐prednisolone treated CRSsNP patients (controls) and follow‐up at 2, 6, and 12 months. Baseline and follow‐up SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT)‐22, nasal endoscopy (Lund‐Kennedy), and sinus CT scan scores (Lund‐Mackay) were compared. Results At 2 months, there was a significant improvement in the SNOT‐22, nasal endoscopy, and sinus CT scan scores in the prednisolone group (P < .0001) compared with controls (p = ns, Mann–Whitney U test). 52.5% of prednisolone‐treated CRSsNP patients had improved symptoms and did not require sinus surgery at 12 months compared with 14.3% of controls (P < .001). Side‐effects were reported in 8.9% of prednisolone‐treated patients. Patients who benefited from prednisolone had a median symptom duration of 7.25 (99% confidence, upper limit of 11) months compared with 18 months in those requiring surgery. Conclusions Short‐term oral prednisolone significantly improved all three clinical measures of disease in CRSsNP patients and avoided surgical intervention in 52.5% patients in the first 12 months. Patients with symptoms for less than 11 months were most likely to benefit. The side‐effects of oral steroids require careful consideration and further studies are needed to ascertain appropriate dosage and treatment duration. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Dual‐Vector Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Smile Reanimation with Lower Lip Depression

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Dual‐Vector Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Smile Reanimation with Lower Lip Depression Via The Laryngoscope View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce allergic inflammation through histamine signaling

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce allergic inflammation through histamine signaling Via Nasal diseases by Naruhito Iwasaki, Seigo Terawaki, Kouhei Shimizu, Daisuke Oikawa, Hirokazu Sakamoto, Kishiko Sunami, Fuminori Tokunaga Histamine, which is mainly produced by mast cells and basophils, participates in various allergic symptoms, and some studies have reported that macrophages also produce histamine. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that macrophages, especially alternatively activated macrophages (M2) induced by T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, participate in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The major source of Th2 cytokines is antigen-specific Th2 cells. To elucidate the relationship between histamine, macrophages, and Th2 cells in allergic inflammation, we established a macrophage-Th2 cell co-culture model in vitro and an antigen-specific Th2 cell transfer mouse model of rhinitis. In vitro analyses indicated that macrophages produce histamine by interacting with antigen-specific Th2 cells through the antigen. Furthermore, Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively elicited rhinitis in the mouse model. We determined that histamine induces Th2- and macrophage-elicited sneezing responses through H1 receptor signaling, whereas it induces nasal eosinophil infiltrations through H4 receptor signaling. Collectively, these results indicate a novel histamine production mechanism by macrophages, in which Th2 cells and macrophages cooperatively induce nasal allergic inflammation through histamine signaling. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Oral health care professionals recommending and administering the HPV vaccine: Understanding the strengths and assessing the barriers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oral health care professionals recommending and administering the HPV vaccine: Understanding the strengths and assessing the barriers Via Head and neck cancers by Denise Guadiana, Nolan M. Kavanagh, Cristiane H. Squarize Introduction Head and neck cancer is a deadly cancer that ranks among the six most common cancers worldwide. The HPV vaccine has been used to prevent head and neck cancer of the oropharynx, and changes in health policies and state law are impacting the role of dental professionals in HPV vaccination. However, relatively little is known about dental professionals' attitudes regarding the vaccine. Objectives Our study assesses dental professionals' willingness to administer the HPV vaccine, their confidence discussing HPV with patients, beliefs about the vaccine's efficacy, perceived barriers to administering it, and sites of referral. Methods We surveyed 623 dental professionals, including dentists, hygienists, dental students, and hygiene students across Michigan. Attitudes toward the vaccine and predictive characteristics were evaluated by logistic regression, ANOVAs, and t-tests. Results The majority of the respondents (51% of dentists, 63% of hygienis ts, 82% of dental students, and 71% of hygiene students) were willing to administer the HPV vaccine if allowed by law. The role of dental and dental hygiene students would be one of advocacy, educating and recommending the vaccine, and the dental students administering it once licensed. Dental professionals were variably confident discussing HPV with patients and generally believed it enhanced patients' health. Stronger confidence and beliefs were associated with greater willingness to administer the vaccine. Barriers among professionals opposing the HPV vaccine included lack of knowledge on the subject, liability concerns, and personal beliefs. Conclusion Dental professionals can become leaders in preventing HPV-related cancers. Training and continuing education courses could enhance their confidence and willingness to recommend and administer the HPV vaccine. Policy implications Legislation that permits dental professionals to administer the vaccine could increase the vaccine's accessibility to patients, improve vaccination rates, and population health. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Female Voice-Related Sexual Attractiveness to Males: Does it Vary With Different Degrees of Conception Likelihood?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Female Voice-Related Sexual Attractiveness to Males: Does it Vary With Different Degrees of Conception Likelihood? Via Journal of Voice Previous investigations have found that female voice-related attractiveness to males increases when both conception likelihood (CL) and voice fundamental frequency (fo) are elevated. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a perceptual experiment where 78 heterosexual males rated sexual attractiveness of 9 female voice samples, recorded at menstrual, follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle under two double-blinded randomly allocated conditions: a natural menstrual cycle (placebo condition) and when using an oral contraceptive pill (OCP condition). View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy for genetic skin diseases – recent advances in gene modification technologies and delivery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy for genetic skin diseases – recent advances in gene modification technologies and delivery Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Genetic skin diseases, also known as genodermatoses, are inherited disorders affecting skin and constitute a large and heterogeneous group of diseases. While genodermatoses are rare with the prevalence rate of less than 1 in 50,000 – 200,000, they frequently occur at birth or early in life and are generally chronic, severe, and could be life‐threatening. The quality of life of patients and their families are severely compromised by the negative psychosocial impact of disease, physical manifestations, and the lack or loss of autonomy. Currently, there are no curative treatments for these conditions. Ex‐vivo gene modification therapy that involves modification or correction of mutant genes in patients' cells in‐vitro and then transplanted back to patients to restore functional gene expression has being developed for genodermatoses. In this review, the ex‐vivo gene modification therapy strategies for genodermatoses are reviewed, focusing on current ad vances in gene modification and correction in patients' cells and delivery of genetically modified cells to patients with discussions on gene therapy trials which have been performed in this area. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy of 2.5mg oral biotin versus 5% topical minoxidil in increasing nail growth rate.

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of 2.5mg oral biotin versus 5% topical minoxidil in increasing nail growth rate. Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract The fingernail growth rate (NGR) is approximately 3 mm/month and varies according to sex, age, labour activities, systemic diseases, seasonality, dominant hand, and trauma.1 The slow growth of nails may have functional and cosmetic impact, such as nail fragility and delayed renewal of the nail plate.2 Few studies have evaluated pharmacological interventions to increase NGR. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.