Amide proton transfer MRI detects early changes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: providing a potential imaging marker for treatment response.

Amide proton transfer MRI detects early changes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: providing a potential imaging marker for treatment response.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 03;:

Authors: Qamar S, King AD, Ai QY, Law BKH, Chan JSM, Poon DMC, Tong M, Mo FKF, Chen W, Bhatia KS, Ahuja AT, Ma BBY, Yeung DK, Wang YX, Yuan J

Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine if treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) induces early changes in amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to perform a preliminary evaluation of APTw imaging in response assessment.
METHODS: Sixteen patients with NPC planned for treatment with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy underwent APTw imaging of the primary tumour pre-treatment and 2-week intra-treatment. Difference in pre- and intra-treatment APT mean (APTmean) was compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Differences in APTmean and percentage change (%Δ) in APTmean were compared between responders and non-responders based on the outcome at 6 months, using the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: APTmean decreased in 9/16 (56.3%) and increased in 7/16 (43.7%) with no significant difference between the pre- and intra-treatment APT values for the whole group (p > 0.05). NPC showed response in 11/16 (68.8%) and non-response in 5/11 (31.2%). There were significant differences between the %Δ of responders and non-responders for APTmean (p = 0.01). Responders showed %Δ decrease in APTmean of - 23.12% while non-responders showed a %Δ increase in APTmean of + 102.28%.
CONCLUSION: APT value changes can be detected in early intra-treatment. Intra-treatment %Δ APTmean shows potential in predicting short-term outcome.

PMID: 30511106 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Predictive factors of patients' general quality of life after nasal septoplasty.

Predictive factors of patients' general quality of life after nasal septoplasty.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 03;:

Authors: Valsamidis K, Titelis K, Karkos P, Markou K, Constantinidis J, Triaridis S

Abstract
PURPOSE: Although septoplasty is considered to be the definitive treatment of septal deviation and is associated with an increase of nasal patency, patients are not always satisfied with the surgical outcome as assessed by its effect on their general Quality of Life (QOL).The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors that influence the patients' QOL after surgery.
METHODS: 60 patients with nasal obstruction and septal deviation were enrolled in this prospective study, and they all completed the follow-up survey of 6 postoperative months. Symptom severity (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation-NOSE, Sino nasal outcome test 22-SNOT-22), sleep quality (Epworth Sleepiness Scale-ESS), olfactory function (Threshold Discrimination Identification-TDI score), voice quality (Nasalance score and Voice Handicap Index-VHI), stress (SQ test) and emotional status (Beck Depression Index-BDI) were evaluated as predictive factors of patients' QOL (Glasgow Benefit Inventory-GBI) postoperatively. We also analyzed age, gender, smoking, socioeconomic status, type of septal deviation and changes of nasal patency (with the use of rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, and peak nasal inspiratory flow).
RESULTS: From all the analyzed parameters, the nasal obstruction symptom severity, the sleep quality, and stress levels were only significantly associated with patients' overall QOL (p < 0.05; univariate analysis). However, on multiple regression, positive changes in NOSE score (OR 15.09, 95% CI 1.47-22.64, p < 0.05) and SQ test (OR 4, 95% CI 1.12-14.3, p < 0.05) were only related with higher likelihood of participants' QOL improvement after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Thorough preoperative evaluation of the symptom severity and stress levels is critical as these two factors are predictive of patient's satisfaction after septoplasty.

PMID: 30511105 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Osteoporosis increases the risk of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a nested case-control study using a national sample cohort.

Osteoporosis increases the risk of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a nested case-control study using a national sample cohort.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 03;:

Authors: Choi HG, Lee JK, Kong IG, Lim H, Kim SY

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The previous studies suggested an association between osteoporosis and sudden sensory neural hearing loss (SSNHL). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between osteoporosis and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort of participants who were ≥ 50 years old were collected from 2002 to 2013. A total of 13,484 BPPV participants were matched with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia to 53,936 controls. In both the BPPV and control groups, the previous histories of osteoporosis were evaluated. Crude (simple) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis for BPPV were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age, sex, and BPPV frequency.
RESULTS: A total of 18.64% (2514/13,464) of the BPPV group and 12.21% (6589/53,936) of the control group had a history of osteoporosis (P < 0.001). The adjusted OR of osteoporosis for BPPV was 1.29 (95% CI = 1.23-1.35, P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis according to age and sex, the ≥ 70-year-old men did not demonstrate a high adjusted OR of osteoporosis for BPPV. All other age and sex subgroups demonstrated high adjusted ORs of osteoporosis for BPPV.
CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporosis increased the risk of BPPV in the population aged ≥ 50 years. The OR of osteoporosis was higher in the frequent BPPV group than in the less frequent BPPV group.

PMID: 30511104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on endothelin-1 in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis.

Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on endothelin-1 in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Dec 03;:

Authors: Lin G, Chen Q, Huang J, Chen L, Lin T, Lin Q

Abstract
PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to endothelin-1 (ET-1). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective therapy for OSA. However, the effectiveness of CPAP on ET-1 levels in patients with OSA yielded contradictory results. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of CPAP on ET-1 levels in OSA.
METHODS: The Embase, and Cochrane Library and PubMed were searched before March, 2018. The overall effects were measured by the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Ten studies were included and the meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 14.0.
RESULTS: 10 studies involving 375 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The result showed that there was a significant reduction in ET-1 levels in OSA patients before and after CPAP therapy (SMD = - 0.74, 95% CI = - 1.30 to - 0.17, z = 2.56, p = 0.01). Further, subgroup analysis demonstrated that Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), CPAP therapy duration, and sample size also affected CPAP therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis indicated that CPAP treatment among OSA patients was significantly was related to a decrease in ET-1 levels. Further prospective long-term studies with a larger number of patients are needed to evaluate and clarify this issue.

PMID: 30511103 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Bull Acad Natl Med. 1948 May 4-11;132(17 and 18):309-13

Authors: BOISSEAU J, GASTAUT H

PMID: 18864198 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Bull Acad Natl Med. 1948 Apr 20-27;132(15-16):284-8

Authors: BOISSEAU J

PMID: 18866001 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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J Med Paris. 1946 May;66(5):71-7

Authors: AGADJANIAN N

PMID: 20992894 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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